尚店油田稠油破乳降黏技术研究及应用  

Study on viscosity reduction technology of Shangdian thick oil by demulsification and its applications

作　　者：陈忠[1] 张虎贲[1] 王冰冰[1] 田子朋[1] 白雨[1] 

机构地区：[1]胜利油田东胜集团股份公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《日用化学工业》2012年第5期390-394,共5页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2012M511558)

摘　　要：将尚店油田稠油配成不同含水率的稠油乳状液,利用黏度法研究了含水率与乳状液类型的关系,得到了含水率在60%左右时体系从W/O型转变为O/W型,此含水率时乳状液黏度达到最大值,对于综合含水为55%的尚店油田稠油乳状液,其黏度达到10 206 mPa.s。根据黏度、界面张力等实验数据,结合稳定性分析等微观分析方法研究了破乳剂SD-1的降黏效果及降黏机理,结果表明:SD-1质量浓度为0.10 g.L-1时,降黏率可达82.1%;破乳剂的加入加速了稠油乳状液中水滴的聚并沉降从而引起了稠油乳状液的反相,导致脱出水成为连续相,油分散或包裹在水中,从而使体系黏度大大降低。现场试验采用机械式井口自动点滴加药方法,实施井筒降黏19井次,降黏率达到75.7%,节约费用54%。Thick oil produced from Shangdian oilfield was formulated to be emulsions with different water content. Then the relationship between the type of emulsion formed and the water content was studied via viscosity method. Results of the investigation showed that, as the water content in the emulsion achieves around 60%, the type of the emulsion changes from W/O type to O/W type and the viscosity of the emulsion achieves a maximum value. For instance, viscosity of emulsion of Shangdian oil with water content of 55% , is 10 206 mPa · s. Based upon experimental data with respect to viscosity and interracial tension et al. and in combination with micro analysis methods such as stability test et al., the viscosity reduction effect and mechanism of demulsifier SD -1 were studied. Results showed that when the mass concentration of SD - 1 is 0. 10 g · L^-1 , the viscosity reduction ratio achieves 82. 1%. The addition of demulsifier accelerates the coalescence and sedimentation of water particles, thereby results - in phase reverse of the emulsion and the water separates from the W/O phase and becomes the continuous phase with the oil particles disperse in the water;then the viscosity of the emulsion is significantly reduced. Field tests were carried out for 19 times via mechanical automatic drip feed method at the oil well head. Viscosity reduction ratio achieves 75.7% and the cost saving achieves 54%.

关 键 词：破乳降黏 破乳剂 界面张力 尚店油田稠油 

分 类 号：TE868[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]