山西省小麦孢囊线虫的形态学和分子特征分析  

Morphological and molecular characterization of cyst-forming nematodes on wheat from Shanxi Province

作　　者：刘坤[1] 席天元[2] 张耀芳 郑经武[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农业与生物技术学院生物技术研究所,浙江杭州310058 [2]山西省农业科学院棉花研究所,山西运城044000 [3]山西省晋城市植物保护站,山西晋城048000

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2012年第5期566-574,共9页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(200903040)

摘　　要：2010—2011年期间,在小麦扬花抽穗期对山西省不同地区小麦上的孢囊线虫进行系统调查,对主要群体的线虫形态学(包括孢囊和2龄幼虫)进行显微观察、测量和描述,并分析其rDNA分子特征。结果表明:来自山西省的小麦孢囊线虫主要群体均为禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae);对所有群体线虫的rDNA-ITS区的PCR扩增和序列测定均得到1条大小为1 045bp的序列;系统发育分析显示,山西省的9个小麦孢囊线虫群体与来自国内的安徽、江苏、河南、北京、河北、青海等地区及国际上印度的禾谷孢囊线虫群体以及澳大利亚的澳洲孢囊线虫(H.australis)的亲缘关系较近,而与欧洲的德国、摩洛哥、西班牙、法国和英国主要群体的禾谷孢囊线虫群体的亲缘关系相对较远。Cyst-forming nematode parasitizing on wheat is a serious problem in the world. The first report of cyst nematode infecting wheat in China was in 1989, and since then the nematodes were reported in 13 provinces of China. In Shanxi Province no systematic survey were made for the distribution and species identification of the cyst-forming nematodes parasitizing in wheat. During 2010 to 2011, an extensive survey and investigation on cyst-forming nematodes parasitizing wheat in Shanxi Province was carried out. Key morphological characteristics and morphometrics of cysts and second-stage juveniles of major populations were systematically observed and measured, and molecular data of rDNA-ITS region of the populations were analyzed. The cysts were characterized by lemon-shaped, with posterior protuberance, vulval silt short, bifenestrate, bullae present and under bridge absent. Morphometric comparison of cysts and second stage juveniles showed that all the cyst-forming nematode populations from Shanxi were Heterodera avenae. The phylogenic analysis of the rDNA-ITS sequences based on nine cereal cyst nematode （CCN） populations from Shanxi Province showed a close genetic relationship with the H. avenae populations from China including Anhui, Jiangsu, Henan, Beijing, Hebei and Qinghai, and India, and H. austra[is population from Australia, however, the CCN populations from China had a distant genetic relationship with H. avenae from European countries including Germany, Morocco, Spain, United Kingdom and France. Amplification of rDNA-ITS region of H. avenae populations collected from Shanxi yielded a fragment with the length of 1 045 bp. Both morphological and molecular identification of cyst-forming nematode populations parasitizing on wheat in Shanxi confirm that all the populations collected in this study arc H. avenae, and no other species are detected.

关 键 词：禾谷孢囊线虫 形态特征 ITS区序列 

分 类 号：Q959.172.5[生物学—动物学] S432.45[农业科学—植物病理学]