中国牙鲆养殖的成本收益分析  

Cost-Benefits analysis of Bastard halibut aquaculture in China

作　　者：杨正勇[1] 黄书培[1] 

机构地区：[1]Aquaculture Economic Research Center of China,College of Economics and Management,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China

出　　处：《中国渔业经济》2012年第5期55-62,共8页Chinese Fisheries Economics

基　　金："现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-50-G011);"渔业节能关键技术研究与重大装备开发"农业行业专项(201003024)等基金项目资助

摘　　要：论文以对辽宁省、河北省、天津市以及山东省等鲆鲽类主产区养殖户的分层整群抽样调查数据为基础,对不同养殖模式下牙鲆养殖的投入产出经济效益、市场风险抵抗能力进行了深入分析。结果表明:(1)池塘模式下牙鲆单位产量养殖成本为26.89元/公斤,较工厂化与网箱模式分别节省了5.5元/公斤和8.97元/公斤;(2)牙鲆养殖业的固定成本与可变成本在总成本中所占比例在三种模式下差异比较大;(3)牙鲆工厂化模式中单位产量的成本利润率为67.57%,池塘模式下为57.12%,而网箱模式下仅为11.55%;(4)在市场风险抵抗能力方面,工厂化模式最大,池塘模式居中,网箱养殖最小。基于以上研究结论,提出通过鼓励工厂化养殖模式的发展、重点控制产品价格、饲料成本、苗种成本从而最终提高养殖效益等建议。Bastard halibut farming is playing significant role in the marine aquaculture in China. Increased understanding on the economics and cost-benefit analysis of this industry is helpful for developing the industry in a sustainable way, and also meaningful for improving other kinds of aquaculture, especially the marine aquaculture industry. With this objective in view, based on the data collected through stratified cluster sampling method in Liaoning, Hebei and Shandong provinces and Tianjin City, the costs and benefits, and market risk resistant abilities in three culture systems, of the bastard halibut farming industry were estimated. The results showed that among the three culture systems, the total cost of pond culture is 26.89yuan/Kg, which is 5.5yuan/Kg and 8.97yuan/Kg lower than that of industrial culture and cage culture respectively; secondly, the percentages which present in the total cost by the fixed and variable cost are various among the three culture systems; and the cost-profit rates are 67.57% in industrial culture, 57.12% in pond culture and 11.55% in cage culture; in term of the ability to resist the market risks, industrial culture is best, then is pond culture and cage culture. According to the above results, it is suggested that the development of bastard halibut industrial culture system should be encouraged, and price of farmed bastard, the feeds costs, fry costs should be controlled to increase the benefits.

关 键 词：牙鲆 水产养殖 成本收益分析 

分 类 号：F326.419[经济管理—产业经济]