国Ⅳ柴油公交车在实际道路上的排放特征  

On-road Emission Characteristics of "China Ⅳ" Diesel Bus

作　　者：樊守彬[1,2] 李钢[2] 田刚[2] 程水源[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100124 [2]北京市环境保护科学研究院大气污染防治研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《北京工业大学学报》2012年第10期1565-1569,共5页Journal of Beijing University of Technology

基　　金：GEF(全球环境基金)项目(PIMS4039);北京市科技计划项目(D09040903670801)

摘　　要：应用车载式尾气排放测试设备对北京国Ⅳ排放标准的柴油公交车在实际道路上的尾气排放特征进行实测研究,测试时间为10 645 s,行驶里程达51.3 km,共获得10 645组有效数据,测试数据能反映车辆在实际道路上的排放特征.车辆在实际道路上尾气排放NOx、CO、总碳氢化合物(total carbureted hydrogen,THC)和颗粒物(particulate matter,PM)的排放因子分别为(11.02±1.46)、(1.44±0.12)、(0.038±0.01)和(0.053±0.03)g/km.车辆的油耗、排放状况与车辆的行驶状态等因素有密切关系:车速越快,加速度越大,油耗速率越高;NOx排放随工况点分布与油耗速率的分布趋势基本相似;CO排放速率在低速和减速工况下较低,车速超过30 km/h及加速区域排放升高;THC高排放主要集中在车速低于30 km/h的加速区域。Two typical in-use diesel buses meeting ＂China Ⅳ＂ emission standard were selected to do on-road emission tests using a portable emission measurement system in Beijing.The road distance of testing was 51.3 km,the time of testing was 10 645 s,and 10 645 data groups were obtained of the buses.The running cycle in the testing can typically reflect the real on-road running cycle.The emission factors of the tested buses are（11.02±1.46）,（1.44±0.12）,（0.038±0.01）,and（0.053±0.03） g/km for NOx,CO,total carbureted hydrogen（THC）,and particulate matter（PM）,respectively.Results show that fuel consumption and pollutant emission are strongly related to the speed and acceleration in the driving cycles.Higher pollutant emission rates and fuel consumption are tested during the high speed and acceleration zone in the driving cycles.Higher NOx emission rates are mainly during the high speed and acceleration zone.Higher CO emission rates are mainly during the vehicle speed exceeding 30 km/h or during the acceleration zone.Higher THC emission rates were mainly during acceleration zone while the vehicle speed was slower than 30 km/h.

关 键 词：柴油公交车 车载测试 排放因子 尾气排放 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]