剖宫产术后发生医院感染的相关因素分析与对策  

Related factors for nosocomial infections after cesarean section and countermeasures

作　　者：郑国英[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江萧山医院妇产科,浙江杭州311202

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2012年第20期4538-4540,共3页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

摘　　要：目的探讨剖宫产术术后发生医院感染的相关因素及护理对策。方法对2945例剖宫产产妇病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果剖宫产产妇术后发生医院感染者83例,感染率为2.82%;年龄≥30岁、体重指数≥25、阴道指诊次数≥3次、术前导尿次数≥2次、手术时间≥60min、术中出血量≥300ml、术后留置尿管时间≥24h,有胎膜早破、有胎盘因素、有内科并发症感染率分别为6.49%、7.15%、3.25%、6.89%、5.77%、5.77%、9.71%、5.73%、5.96%、6.22%,均为剖宫产术后发生医院感染的相关危险因素(P<0.05);感染部位构成呼吸道感染占43.37%,泌尿系感染占26.51%,生殖道感染占16.87%,手术切口感染占13.25%。结论剖宫产术后发生医院感染与高龄、多次阴道指诊、多次导尿、合并有内科合并症等多种因素相关,针对高危因素应该积极采取相应护理措施,以降低感染发生。OBJECTIVE To explore related factors and ursing measures for nosocomial infections after the cesarean section.METHODS The medical records of 2954 patients undergoing cesarean section were retrospectively analyzed.RESULTS After the operation,83 cesarean section maternals caught nosocomial infections,the incidence of nosocomial infection was 2.82%,the incidence rates of the nosocomial infections in the patients with the age≥30,BMI≥25,the number of vaginal palpation ≥3 times,preoperative catheterization times ≥2 times,operation time≥ 60 min,intraoperative bleeding≥300 ml,the postoperative time of indwelling urinary catheter≥24 h,premature rupture of membranes,residue of placenta,and concurrent infections were 6.49%,7.15%,3.25%,6.89%,5.77%,5.77%,9.71%,5.73%,5.96%,and 6.22%,respectively（P0.05）.Among the infection sites,respiratory tract infections accounted for 47.37%,urinary tract infections accounted for 26.51%,gastrointestinal tract infections accounted for 16.87%,and the surgical incision infections accounted for 13.25%.CONCLUSION Nosocomial infection after cesarean section is related to the advanced age,multiple vaginal palpation,repeated catheterization,and other complications,thus it is necessary to take the corresponding nursing measures to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.

关 键 词：医院感染 剖宫产术 相关因素 护理 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]