番茄颈腐根腐病病原鉴定及不同条件对其生长的影响  

Identification of the pathogen causing Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato and its growth affecting factors

作　　者：耿丽华[1] 李常保[1] 迟胜起[2] 王丽君[2] 柴敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究中心,北京100097 [2]青岛农业大学农学与植保学院,青岛266109

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2012年第5期449-455,共7页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903049-07);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADB8B01);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系(CARS-25-G-01);北京市基金重大项目(6120001);北京市农林科学院科技创新专项(KJCX201101010)

摘　　要：作者于2007年在北京郊区大棚内发现番茄(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)颈腐根腐病。为了促进我国开展番茄颈腐根腐病的防治研究和抗病品种培育工作,有效控制番茄颈腐根腐病的危害,采集表现典型症状的发病植株进行病原分离、纯化,结合传统的形态学方法和rDNA-ITS序列分析方法,并进行了该病原菌的适宜发病土壤温度测定和致病范围试验,在此基础之上对病原菌进行了鉴定。本论文还对该病原菌生长的影响条件进行了研究,确定该病由尖孢镰刀菌番茄颈腐根腐专化型(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis-lycopersici)侵染所致;该病原菌在PDA培养基上生长适宜温度为25℃,最适pH为8;其较适宜的氮源是有机氮和硝态氮,铵态氮不适宜其生长;菌丝致死温度为63℃、10 min;分生孢子萌发的最适相对湿度是100%,最适温度为25℃,分生孢子致死温度为61℃、10 min。这是首次关于尖孢镰刀菌番茄颈腐根腐专化型导致番茄病害在我国发生和研究的报道。Crown and root rot disease of tomato（ Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ）was first observed in green houses in Beijing suburb in 2007. In order to lay the basis for resistance breeding and find controlling measures for the disease, the typical diseased plants were collected and the pathogen was isolated and identified according to the morphology, the sequence of internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA （ ITS）, the host range along with the optimal soil temperature at which the disease occurred. The major affecting factors of the pathogen growth were also studied. The results were showed as follows： the pathogen of the disease was identified as Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici. The optimal temperature for the pathogen growth on PDA was 25℃ and pH at 8; Nitrate-nitrogen [ NOz-N] and organic nitrogen were suitable for its growth, but ammonium-nitrogen [ NHa-N] was not; The mycelium lethal temperature was 63℃, 10 minutes lasted; 100% relative humidity at 25℃ was optimal for conidia germination; The conidial lethal temperature is 61℃, 10 minutes lasted. This is the first report on tomato disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici in China.

关 键 词：番茄 颈腐根腐病 病原 鉴定 影响条件 

分 类 号：S436.412[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]