关中平原农田生态系统不同秸秆还田模式的能流分析  

Energy flow analysis of straw-return agricultural modes in the Central Shaanxi Plain

作　　者：蒋碧[1] 吴发启[1] 吴喜慧[1] 李明[1] 佟小刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2012年第10期1388-1393,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11)资助

摘　　要：为探明小麦、玉米秸秆还田模式下农田生态系统的能流特征,以关中平原农田生态系统的不同秸秆还田模式为对象,运用生态学原理和系统分析方法,分析了各模式的人工辅助能投入、能量产出、投能结构以及能量转化率等能流特征,了解不同秸秆还田模式的生态效益。结果表明:小麦秸秆高留茬玉米秸秆粉碎还田模式的总投能、有机能投入、有机能/无机能、能流循环指数均最高,分别为7.12×1010J.hm 2、5.44×1010J.hm 2、3.25和0.76;光能利用率最高的模式是小麦秸秆粉碎玉米秸秆粉碎覆盖还田,为0.669%;能量转化率最高的是小麦秸秆不还田玉米秸秆不还田模式,为6.05。从能流特征角度来看,秸秆还田模式的功能效益优于不还田模式。从综合评判得分来看,小麦秸秆高留茬玉米秸秆粉碎还田模式得分最高,达到0.792,说明该模式的生态效益最佳,是该区种植业生产的最优模式,可以大力推广。Energy is not only the power base,but also a basic function of ecological systems.Analyzing the characteristics of agro-ecosystems via energy flow analysis can ensure comprehensive component objectivity.The energy output level of any agro-ecosystem is an energy flow key index.Using the characteristic indexes of energy flow,different function characteristics of agro-ecosystems were analyzed.The 21st century view emphasized the coordinated development of resources,environment,economy and society.This eventually gave rise to a new mode of sustainable agricultural production,promoted mainly through straw return to farmlands.Although straw return may not make full use of crop straw resources,it reduces environmental pollution.It is therefore the inevitable mode of sustainable economy development in the Central Shaanxi Plain（CSP）.To build further understanding into the energy-flow characteristics of wheat/corn straw-return mode in farmland ecosystems,eco-theory and system analysis were used to investigate different straw-return modes in CSP.Then supplemental energy inputs,outputs and transformation efficiencies of different straw-return modes were analyzed and discussed.The results showed that total energy input（7.12×1010 J.hm 2）,organic energy input（5.44×1010 J.hm 2）,organic/inorganic energy value（3.25） and CREF（0.76） of WH-MC mode（wheat high stubble mulching and straw returning to field plus maize straw chopping and direct returning to field） were highest.While WC-MC mode（both wheat and maize straw chopping and direct returning to field） was the effective in solar energy use（0.669%）,WN-MN mode（no turning of both wheat and maize straw） was the most in energy conversion（6.05）.In summary,the energy analysis of the functions of the straw-return modes produced better results than the no-straw-return modes.The WH-MC mode had the highest integrated score（0.792）.This showed that WH-MC was the optimal mode with the highest eco-efficient plant production,recommended for promotion a

关 键 词：秸秆还田 农田生态系统 生产模式 能流 关中平原 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]