城市交通干道降雨径流中PAHs的污染特征  

Pollution characteristics of PAHs in urban runoffs from main roads in urban area

作　　者：韩景超[1] 毕春娟[1] 陈振楼[1] 吕金刚[1] 周婕成[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2012年第10期2461-2469,共9页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家重大水专项课题(No.2009ZX07317-006);国家自然科学基金(No.40971259);上海市优秀学科带头人计划(No.10XD1401600)~~

摘　　要：以上海、温州市典型交通干道地表径流为研究对象,分析了样品中16种溶解态和颗粒态PAHs浓度,了解了城市交通干道降雨径流中PAHs污染特征及其动态变化过程.结果表明,径流中∑PAHs(包括溶解相、颗粒相)浓度范围为919.8～16711.6ng·L-1,溶解相中PAHs浓度要远低于颗粒相(分别为4.9～1558.0ng·L-1,635.4～16624.0ng·L-1).通过对3场降雨事件中PAHs浓度随降雨过程变化的研究,可以发现并不是所有道路径流都有初期冲刷效应,初期冲刷的产生受雨前干期、降雨强度以及径流量等因素共同作用,因此简单拦截初期径流并不能十分有效地降低PAHs污染负荷.径流中PAHs在颗粒相-水相间的分配系数Kp值为2.3×104～2.5×106L·kg-1,随着悬浮颗粒物含量增加而减少,这可能跟径流过程中颗粒物粒径组成有关.Road runoff samples were collected from two typical roads in Shanghai and Wenzhou city during the rainy season in 2010.Sixteen PAHs in both dissolved and particulate phases in runoff samples were analyzed in order to characterize the PAHs dynamic transportation between two phases in runoff samples.PAH concentrations in runoff samples varied from 919.8 to 16711.6 ng · L^-1.Dissolved PAH concentrations（4.9-1558.0 ng · L^-1） were much lower than those in particulates（635.4~16624.0 ng · L^-1）.PAH concentration variations were investigated during three rainfall events,and the first flush effect（FFE） was not obvious during all of the runoff events.The occurrence of an FFE was dependent on multiple factors including pre-rain dry period,rainfall intensity,runoff volume,etc.Therefore,the initial runoff interception may not control the PAH contaminations in urban road runoff effectively.Partition coefficient（Kp） values changed from 2.3×10^4 to 2.5×10^6 L · kg^-1.Kp values decreased with the total suspended solid（TSS） contents in the road runoff samples,which could be related to the particle size fractions in the runoff.

关 键 词：PAHS 城市道路径流 降雨事件平均浓度 污染特征 初始冲刷效应 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]