大麦EMS突变群体的创建及功能评价  

Construction and Functional Evaluation of an EMS-induced Mutant Population in Barley

作　　者：齐新丽[1] 徐智斌[2] 裴洪翠[1] 胡鑫[1] 吴佳洁[1] 李宪彬[1] 王涛[2] 付道林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学/作物生物学国家重点实验室/山东省作物生物学重点实验室,山东泰安271018 [2]中国科学院成都生物研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2012年第5期846-852,共7页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然基金重大国际合作项目(31110103917);国家转基因专项(2011ZX08009-003-001-006);山东省自然科学杰出青年基金项目(JQ201107)

摘　　要：为开展麦类作物功能基因组学研究,选用综合性状突出的大麦品种Tamalpais,通过化学诱变剂甲基磺酸乙酯(Ethyl methane sulfonate,EMS)处理,创建了含有10 389个M2单株的突变群体。该群体数据分析表明,温室条件下,6.21%的M2幼苗呈现叶片颜色变异;大田实验中,M2群体出现丰富的表型变异,主要包括幼苗匍匐、分蘖、株高、生育期、叶色、叶形、叶条纹、叶斑、穗部特征、育性等,其中幼苗匍匐、分蘖、株高、叶色、叶条纹、叶斑的突变频率分别为0.11%、6.03%、0.13%、2.5%、0.18%、0.17%。抽样调查显示,M2世代的胚坏死率较低,仅有9%左右的单株表现出过半的胚坏死率。运用TILLING技术成功获得大麦COI1同源基因的突变体,筛选结果同时表明,该突变群体的突变频率约为平均每673kb一个点突变。因此,Tamal-pais群体突变表型丰富、TILLING检测可行,可作为麦类作物基因图位克隆与功能验证的重要素材,适用于麦类作物的正向和反向遗传学研究。Barley is the fourth most important cereal crop worldwide, and is an ideal research model for Triticeae crops. To facilitate functional studies on Triticeae crops, Ethyl methane sulfonate （EMS） based mutagenesis was performed on an elite barley cultivar Tamalpais, and a mutant population harboring 10 389 M2individuals was developed. Under greenhouse condition, 6.21% of the tested seedlings displayed variations in leaf chlorophylls. In field, the population showed abundant phenotypic variations, such as those in creeping growth habit, number of tillers, plant height, flowering time, leaf color, leaf shape, leaf stripe, leaf spot, spike characteristics, and sexual reproduction. In particular, mutation rates for creeping growth habit, number of tillers, plant height, leaf color, leaf stripe, and leaf spot were 0.11%, 6.03%, 0.13%, 2.5%, 0.18%, and 0.17%, respectively. Sampling survey revealed that the population was low on embryo lethality. About 9% of surveyed M2individuals had rates of embryo lethality over 50%. Mutants of the COI1 gene, encoding a crucial receptor in the jasmonate acid （JA） signaling pathway, were identified using the TILLING technique. The mutation frequency is about 1 point mutation in every 673 kb region. Taken together, the current population is enriched for variations on many agronomically important traits and is suitable for TILLING screening.The Tamalpais population will play roles for functional studies in Triticeae crops.

关 键 词：大麦 反向遗传学 功能基因组学 TILLING COI1 基因 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S335