硼对不同专用小麦品种种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响  

Effects of Boron on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Wheat Varieties for Different Uses

作　　者：熊飞[1] 余徐润[1] 张琛[1] 刘大同[1] 王玲玲[1] 李栋梁[1] 王忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2012年第5期907-911,共5页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31171482);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2011445)

摘　　要：为了明确施硼对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长的效应,以不同的专用小麦品种为材料,研究了不同硼浓度对小麦种子淀粉酶活性、发芽势、发芽率、根系活力、根尖结构及幼苗生长的影响。结果表明,低浓度硼对小麦种子发芽势和发芽率有促进作用,其中硼浓度以20μmol·L-1促进效果最佳,高浓度时有明显的抑制作用;小麦根系活力、根长、芽长、根重和芽重均随硼浓度的升高呈现先促进后抑制的变化趋势,但对根比芽敏感,地下部生物量受影响程度低于地上部;一定的硼浓度能促进根尖分生区表皮细胞和外皮层细胞体积变大及数量增多。不同专用小麦品种对硼浓度响应的敏感程度有差异,中筋小麦扬麦16>弱筋小麦扬麦19>强筋小麦罗麦8号。The wheat varieties for different uses were chosen to study the effects of different boron concentration on the activities of amylase, bud potentials, germination rate, activities of roots, structure of root tip and seedling growth. The results were as followed that lower concentrations of boron promoted the bud potential and germination rate, while higher concentrations of boron restrained these traits, the best effects was observed at 20 μmol·L-1 of boron.The activities of roots, root length, bud length, root weight and bud weight showed a trend of increase firstly and then decrease. Root length and root weight were more sensitive to boron than bud; A certain boron concentrations could advance the volumes and quantities of meristematic cells in root tip. Different wheat varieties for different uses responded differently to boron as Yangmai 16 with medium gluten〉Yangmai19 with weak gluten〉Luomai8 with strong gluten.

关 键 词：小麦 硼 生理 结构 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330