创业型大学的兴起与内涵——大学组织技术变迁的视角  

The Rise of the Entrepreneurial University and Its Connotation

作　　者：陈霞玲[1] 马陆亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院高教所

出　　处：《大学教育科学》2012年第5期42-48,共7页University Education Science

摘　　要：大学的组织技术经历了知识的传播、创造和应用阶段。20世纪后半叶,出现了一种新的知识生产方式——知识的传播、创造和应用活动不再是单独地进行,而是被紧密地整合在一起,大学在应用中生产知识。创业型大学正是在校级层面主观地推动和组织了这种新的知识生产方式,并使其成为大学知识生产的最主要模式,这是创业型大学在组织技术上对传统大学的超越。为了配合这种新的知识生产模式,创业型大学进行了一系列变革,脱离传统大学的发展模式。以新兴大学为主体、以社会需求为出发点、单一的学校文化和自上而下的公司化经营战略是创业型大学的主要特征。相形之下,诸如MIT、斯坦福等美国研究型大学不能被认为是创业型大学,而是具有学术创业精神的大学。University has experienced the stages of knowledge dissemination, creation and application. In the second half of the 20th Century, a new mode of knowledge production emerged, in which the activities of knowledge dissemination, creation and application are integrated closely rather than been conducted separately as before. Knowledge is produced with application in some universities. Entrepreneurial university is one of those universities that promote and organize this kind of new knowledge production mode, making it to be the main pattern of university knowledge production. In order to cope with this new mode of knowledge production, a series of reform has been conducted in entrepreneurial university to break away from the traditional university development mode. The main characteristics of entrepreneurial university include： taking the needs of society as a starting point, consistent and strong school culture, and top down company business strategy. By contrast, American research universities like Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Stanford University are universities with academic entrepreneurship rather than entrepreneurial university.

关 键 词：组织技术 创业型大学 创业 精神 地方性大学 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]