小麦×天兰冰草杂种的体细胞无性系变异  

Somaclone Variation in Hybrids of Triticum aestivum×Agropyron in termedium

作　　者：王关林 邹明谦[1] 何孟元[1] 郝水[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学生物系

出　　处：《作物学报》1990年第4期298-304,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

摘　　要：对当年抽穗的62株小冰麦杂种 F_1再生植株的形态特征及染色体变异观察表明,杂种无性系变异十分明显:有倾向冰草、倾向小麦及产生特殊形态三种变异类型,其中倾向冰草的变异植株较多。杂种无性系的染色体变异率也较高:愈伤组织细胞染色体变异率为56.2%;41株再生植株中有19株发生染色体数目变异。杂种无性系还出现较多的表型嵌合性变异植株和混倍体植株。通过小冰麦杂种 F_1无性系变异,我们获得1株2n=56的多倍体再生植株,并有2穗结种10粒。种子染色体数为2n=56。同时还得到一些混倍体和非整倍体变异植株,其中有一株混倍体也有2穗结5粒种子。种子染色体数也为2n=56。Observations were made on the morphological characteristics and chromosome variations of 62 earing plants regenerated from wheat×wheatgrass hybrid F_1.These plants could be divided into three types according to their morphology.Including plants approachingwheatgrass,those approaching wheat,and those with peculiar morphological characteristics different from both.About 1/2 of the regenerated plants belong to type 1.Meanwhile higher rate of chromosomal variation was also observed in these hybridsomaclone variants.Chromosome variation rate in callus cells was 56.2% andchromosome number variation was found in 19 plants out of 41 regenerated plants examined.Mosaic variation in morphology in conjunction with mixoploidy were also observed in the hybrid somaclones.One polyploid plant(2n=56)was regenerated fromthe somaclone variants of wheat-wheatgrass hybrid F_1,and 10 seeds were obtainedfrom that plant.The chromosome number of the seeds were also 2n=56.Somemixoploid and aneuploid someclone variants were also obtained.5 seeds were produced on 2 spikes of one mixoploid variant,and the chromosome number of theseseeds was also 2n=56.

关 键 词：小麦 天兰冰草 体细胞 无性系变异 

分 类 号：S512.103[农业科学—作物学]