孕前门诊健康教育对不良嗜好戒除的效果评价  

Evaluation on the effect of health education in preconceptional clinic on change of couples＇ unhealthy hobbies

作　　者：王哲蔚[1] 李芬[1] 施红[1] 张蕾[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学附属第一妇婴保健院,上海200040

出　　处：《中国妇幼健康研究》2012年第5期583-586,共4页Chinese Journal of Woman and Child Health Research

摘　　要：目的评价对孕前有不良嗜好的妇女实施健康教育的效果。方法选择自2008年6月至2009年5月，在第一妇婴保健院进行孕前检查的妇女中，有饲养宠物或有吸烟饮酒嗜好的妇女共169名，进行健康教育，并进行为期2年的随访。结果有46．2％的受查妇女对医生宣教很满意。各类不良嗜好的完全戒除率分别为：家中饲养宠物60：0％，明显被动吸烟62．9％，每日吸烟75．0％，每日重度饮酒50．0％。医生宣教的质量与孕前饲养宠物（Rs=0．326，P=0．014），明显被动吸烟（Rs=0．377，P=0．ooo）的戒除呈正相关。孕前无或已戒除明显被动吸烟者妊娠不良结局发生率低于未戒除者（Fisher’s exact=0．014）。结论孕前健康宣教对改变不良嗜好起到了一定的作用。应针对工作的薄弱点加强健康教育。Objective To evaluate the effect of health education in preconceptional clinic on change of women＇ unhealthy hobbies. Methods From June 2008 to May 2009, 169 women who feed pets or had hobby on tobacco or alcohol visiting the preconceptional clinic in Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital were given health education and then followed up for 2 years. Results Among subjects 46.2% were very satisfied with doctor＇ s health education. The fully giving up rate of feeding pets, obviously passive smoking, smoking every day, drinking heavily every day was 60.0%, 62.9%, 75.0% and 50.0%, respectively. The quality of health education was positively related with giving up feeding pets（Rs = 0. 326, P = 0. 014 ） and obviously passive smoking （ Rs = 0. 377, P = 0. 000）. The incidence rate of adverse pregnant outcomes among the women who had no obviously passive smoking or had given up it before conception was lower than that among the women who had not given up （Fisher＇ s exact = 0. 014）. Conclusion The health education is effective to give up unhealthy hobbies. Health education should be enhanced aiming at weak points of work.

关 键 词：孕前保健 健康教育 不良嗜好 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]