偏振旋转的量子私有信息检索方案  

Quantum Private Information Retrieval Based on Polarization Rotation

作　　者：易运晖[1] 朱畅华[1] 裴昌幸[1] 权东晓[1] 

机构地区：[1]f西安电子科技大学综合业务网理论与关键技术国家重点实验室,西安710071

出　　处：《电子与信息学报》2012年第10期2353-2357,共5页Journal of Electronics & Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61072067);国家重点实验室专项资金(ISN1001004);中央高校基本科研费专项资金(K50510010004);高等学校创新引智计划(B08038)资助课题

摘　　要：私有信息检索是安全多方计算的重要问题。传统对称私有信息检索(SPIR)的很多假设在量子信息机制下非常脆弱,其安全性受到挑战。目前已提出的量子私有信息检索大都不易实施,该文提出基于偏振旋转的对称量子私有信息检索协议和实验方案。实验方案利用单光子的偏振旋转产生量子密文,不需要复杂的计算,便于硬件实现。协议的无条件安全性由量子力学Heisenberg测不准原理及不可克隆原理保证,并增加了用户诚实性检测,在所提出的非诚实合作模型下,非诚实用户的恶意行为不会造成隐私的泄露,在安全性、鲁棒性、抗第三方窃听等方面均优于经典环境的多种方案。Private information retrieval is the important issue of secure multi-party computation. Many assumptions of traditional Symmetric Private Information Retrieval （SPIR） are vulnerable in quantum mechanics and the present quantum SPIR protocols are complex to implement. A symmetric quantum SPIR protocol and experiment realization scheme are proposed. This scheme bases on polarized single photons to generate the key, so it has the advantage of simple operation and easy to hardware implement. The unconditional security of the protocol is guaranteed by Heisenberg uncertainty principle and quantum no-cloning theory. Dishonest user detection is involved in the protocol, the dishonest users could not get any information by malicious behavior under the dishonest cooperation model. The proposed scheme has better performance at security, robustness, anti-third party eavesdropping than many classical SPIR schemes.

关 键 词：量子信息处理 私有信息检索(PIR) 量子光学 量子密钥分发 偏振旋转 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统]