柿树炭疽病菌的生物学特性及几种杀菌剂对其的抑制作用  

Biological characteristics of Collelotrichum gloeosporioides and inhibitory effects of several fungicides

作　　者：曲健禄[1] 武海斌[1] 范昆[1] 孙玉刚[1] 李军[1] 陶吉寒[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省果树研究所,山东泰安271000

出　　处：《农药学学报》2012年第5期503-509,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：山东省科技发展计划(2010GNC10906)

摘　　要：通过十字交叉法和血球计数板法测定了柿树炭疽病菌Collelotrichum gloeosporioides的生物学特性;采用菌丝生长速率法测定了7种常用杀菌剂对该病菌的抑制作用;选择5种市售杀菌剂进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:该病菌菌丝生长的最适温度为20～30℃,最适产孢温度为25～30℃,最适生长的pH值为5～6;在7种常用杀菌剂中,多菌灵、苯醚甲环唑、戊唑醇和氟硅唑对柿树炭疽病菌具有明显的抑制作用,EC50值分别为0.118 8、0.138 0、0.159 9和1.297 2μg/mL。田间试验结果显示,25%咪鲜胺乳油600倍液、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂1 000倍液和25%戊唑醇水乳剂1 500倍液的防治效果分别为89.60%、88.56%、87.82%。Biological characteristics of CoUelotrichum gloeosporioides was determined by using the crossing method and haemocytometer method. The toxicity of 7 fungicides to C. gloeosporioides was tested by mycelial growth method. Then the control efficacy of 5 fungicides to C. gloeosporioides was studied through field trials. The results showed that the optimum temperature of mycelium growth was 20 - 30 ~C, the optimum temperature of sporulation was 25 - 30 ~C, and the optimum pH value was 5 - 6. Among the fungicides test, the inhibitory activities of carbendazim, difenoconazole, tebuconazole and flusilazole were very high, with EC50 value of 0. 118 8,0. 138 0,0. 159 9 和 1. 297 2 μg/mL, respectively. The results of field trials showed that the control efficacy of prochloraz 250 EC （600 x ）, difenoconazole 100 WG （ 1 000 x ） and tebuconazole 250 EW （ 1 500 x ） against C. gloeosporioides were 89.60% ,88.56% and 87.82% ,respectively.

关 键 词：柿树 胶孢炭疽菌 生物学特性 毒力 田间药效 

分 类 号：S432.44[农业科学—植物病理学] S482.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]