《资本论》第四卷的逻辑:认识发生学  

Logic in Vol.4 of ‘Das Kapital’:Cognitive Development Science

作　　者：许光伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西财经大学经济学院,南昌330013

出　　处：《当代经济研究》2012年第10期1-11,92,共11页Contemporary Economic Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BJL009)

摘　　要：《资本论》第四卷实践的逻辑是:范畴发生的认识机理。在这种意义上,它使范畴的"生产"实践化,首要性地贯彻了"认识"由"历史"生产的原则。历史部分和理论部分的相互构成形成总的写作逻辑,历史部分确立了后续研究的理论指针。方法论意蕴是:(1)根据历史生产方式的"自然生长",显露范畴的内核的生理结构——(剩余)价值;(2)由范畴生产上的层级运动,揭示"结构生长"的历史性;(3)通过"理论"的总体生产,最大程度地彰显方法论批判和认识论批判的内在结合性,具象出政治经济学批判的实践工作路线。因此,它否决了考茨基非法编纂《剩余价值学说史》的错误要求。《资本论》整体上也就统一了"两种认识发生学",即历史(发展)的逻辑和认识(发展)的逻辑,统一了历史的方法与范畴的方法。这种整体性研究树立了政治经济学方法论的构造典范。The practical logic of Vol.4 of ‘Das Kapital’ is the cognitive development mechanism of category of ‘Das Kapital’. In this sense, this logic makes the ‘production’ of categories practical, the dominant principle is that understanding is made of history. Historical part and theoretical part construct the general writing logic together, historical part sets up theoretical direction for research afterwards. The implications are of the following:(1)Based on ‘organic growth’ of historical productive mode, the core of the category is surplus value; (2)From the movement of category production to disclose historical structural growth; (3)Through the general ‘production’ of theories, it shows the internal integration between critique on methodology and critique on epistemology. Thus Vol.4 of ‘Das Kapital’ rejected the wrong demand in ‘History of the Theory of Surplus Value’ edited by Kautsky. ‘Das Kapital’ integrated the logic of historical development and the logic of development in understanding, integrated historical method and categorical method, which sets an example in the methodology in political economy.

关 键 词：《资本论》 历史部分 理论部分 认识 范畴 发生学 

分 类 号：F011[经济管理—政治经济学]