基于闪爆-碱煮联合工艺的天然竹纤维提取  

Steam explosion and alkali boiling combined degumming of natural bamboo fibers

作　　者：张袁松[1] 谢吉祥[1] 李晓龙[1] 张光先[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学纺织服装学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《纺织学报》2012年第10期56-61,共6页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC;2008BB0008);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(XDJK2009B007);教育部第39批留学基金项目(教外司留【2010】1174号);教育部春晖计划资助项目(教外司留【2010】610号);人力资源和社会保障部留学人员科技活动优先资助基金项目(渝人社办【2009】116号);西南大学博士基金资助项目(SWUB2007067)

摘　　要：为提高对天然竹纤维的脱胶效果,研究天然竹纤维闪爆-碱煮联合脱胶工艺,讨论闪爆-碱煮联合处理条件对纤维脱胶效果的影响。用SEM、FT-IR强力仪对联合脱胶后竹纤维的表面形态结构、化学成分、强度进行观察与分析。结果表明:闪爆-碱煮联合处理竹纤维的脱胶效果比单一碱煮或闪爆处理的效果好,纤维直径显著减小;闪爆条件越强烈,纤维脱胶率越高,纤维越分散,柔软性越好;竹纤维中半纤维素和木质素也得到了较好的脱除,纤维素含量达63.59%;纤维断裂强度为21.98 cN/tex,断裂伸长率为3.56%。In order to improve the effect of natural bamboo fiber degumming,the process of steam explosion and alkali boiling combined degumming of bamboo fibers was researched,and the effect of process conditions on the degumming effect of the fibers was analyzed.SEM,FT-IR and strength tester were used to examine the surface morphology structure,chemical composition,and strength of the combined degummed fibers.The results showed that the effect of fibers treated by steam explosion and alkali boiling combined treated degumming was better than that of fibers by single alkali boiling or steam explosion,and the diameter of fiber reduced obviously.Furthermore,the more intense steam explosion conditions,the higher degumming rate,the more scattered,and the better softness of the fibers.The hemicelluloses and lignin were removed from the fibers well,and the cellulose content rose to 63.59%,and the strength and elongation of the bamboo fibers at break were 21.98 cN/tex,3.56%,respectively.

关 键 词：天然竹纤维 闪爆 碱煮 脱胶 

分 类 号：TS102.2[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]