基于旅行费用法的九寨沟旅游资源游憩价值评估  

Measuring the Recreational Value of Jiuzhaigou World Heritage Site Based on Travel Cost Method

作　　者：董雪旺[1] 张捷[2] 蔡永寿 卢韶婧[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工商大学旅游与城市管理学院,杭州310018 [2]南京大学国土资源与旅游学系,南京210093 [3]九寨沟管理局,四川九寨沟623402

出　　处：《地域研究与开发》2012年第5期78-84,共7页Areal Research and Development

基　　金：英国British Academy项目(SG-47266);国家自然科学基金项目(40871072)

摘　　要：采用旅行费用法(TCM)对九寨沟世界自然遗产地的游憩价值进行评估,并对评估过程中可能存在的偏差进行分析和讨论。研究发现:九寨沟2009年的游憩价值为48.90亿元;旅行费用与旅游需求之间存在显著的负相关,而旅游需求函数的形式则以半对数模型为宜;采用工资率的1/3来计算时间的机会成本,具有一定的主观任意性,可能会导致评估结果出现偏差;用市场观测数据对旅行费用在多个目的地之间进行合理分配,可能是处理多目的地问题的所有方法中"最不坏"的一种选择;TCM与条件价值法(CVM)2种方法的评估结果相差较大,不具有良好的收敛效度,TCM的评估结果需要与更多的研究相互印证。The travel cost method （TCM）, a revealed-preference-based valuation technique, is employed to measure the recreational value of Jiuzhaigou, one of the World Natural Heritage Sites in China, and the potential biases in the survey are analyzed. The results show that： （1） Jiuzhaigou＇ s recreational value is 4.89 billion yuan in 2009. （2） Correlation and regression analyses show that there is a significantly negative correlation between travel cost and recreational demand, and semi-logarithmic model is the most appropriate model of recreational demand function. （3） It may bring biases in estimation of travel cost that the opportunity cost of time was estimated by one third of the wage rate, because of the arbitrary, fixed and common fraction for all visitors. （4） In order to handle the multi-destination trips, an approach based on actual observed behavior is developed to allocate the travel costs a- mong multiple destinations appropriately, which may be the least bad way in all options. （5） There is significant difference between the estimation of TCM and that of CVM. It shows that TCM has weak convergence validity, and the estimation of TCM need more tests with other assessment instruments.

关 键 词：旅行费用法 游憩价值 时间成本 多目的地旅行 旅游需求函数 九寨沟 

分 类 号：F062.1[经济管理—政治经济学]