砷的地球化学习性及尾矿源砷污染防治  

Arsenic Geochemical Behaviour and Prevention of Arsenic Pollution from Sulfide Tailings

作　　者：徐沛斌[1] 雷良奇[1] 莫斌吉[1] 罗远红[1] 

机构地区：[1]桂林理工大学地球科学学院

出　　处：《金属矿山》2012年第9期158-161,共4页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40972220);广西科学基金应用基础研究专项基金项目(编号:桂科基0991024)

摘　　要：致癌和致畸有毒元素砷的污染普遍存在于金属硫化物矿山开采中。当物理化学条件发生变化时,不同形态和价态的砷可发生转化,并在土壤和水体中富集而造成砷污染,常见砷化物毒砂在O2和H2O的作用下生成臭葱石,并在酸性条件下水解成砷酸,从而被废水淋滤迁移。根据砷污染机理,论证了从矿山尾矿的源头控制和预防砷污染的重要性及可行性;在砷污染防治方面,新矿山尾矿的水下存储、酸性中和及表面封存技术,已存在污染的尾矿的渗透反应栅技术和生物修复技术均较为成熟、切实可行。Arsenic is carcinogenic and teratogenic and toxic elements and the arsenic pollution exists generally in the metal sulfide mining. When the physical-chemical environment being changed ,the different morphology and valence state of arsenic also can be transformed, and it can gather in soil and water and lead to arsenic pollution. The common arsenide arsenopyrite can generate scorodite in the effect of oxygen and water. Under acidic conditions hydrolyze into arsenic acid, thus it can leaching and migration by wastewater. According to mechanism of arsenic contamination, demonstration that from mine tailings and source control and prevention of arsenic pollution and the importance of feasibility. In the arsenic pollution prevention and control, new mine tailings under water storage, acid neutralization and surface sealing technology, existing pollution tailings permeable reactive barrier technology and bioremediation technology, they are more mature, practical arsenic pollution control technology.

关 键 词：硫化物尾矿 砷污染 化学形态 转化迁移 防治 

分 类 号：X322[环境科学与工程—环境工程]