华北平原玉米-小麦轮作农田N_2O交换通量的研究  

N_2O Exchange Fluxes from Wheat-Maize Crop Rotation System in the North China Plain

作　　者：裴淑玮[1] 张圆圆[2] 刘俊锋[2] 伦小秀[1] 牟玉静[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第10期3641-3646,共6页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41075094;20977097;40830101);国家环境保护公益性行业科研专项(201009001);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2010CB732304)

摘　　要：以华北地区冬小麦-夏玉米轮作农田为研究对象,运用静态箱法对正常施肥及正常施肥结合秸秆还田农田N2O交换通量进行了连续1 a对比研究.正常施肥及正常施肥结合秸秆还田样地N2O全年的累积排放量分别为7.61 kg.hm-2和12.6kg.hm-2,其中秸秆还田引起N2O排放明显增加主要发生在玉米生长季节.两种处理样地在玉米季N2O的排放量占全年累积排放的57%～86%,表明华北玉米-小麦轮作体系中N2O排放主要集中在玉米季.各次施肥后10 d内N2O的累积排放量约占全年总排放量的71%～88%,显然现有化肥极大促进了华北农田N2O排放.N2O exchange fluxes from the intensively cultivated winter wheat-summer maize crop rotation system in the North China Plain were measured by the static chamber technique under normal fertilization treatment and normal fertilization combined with straw returning treatment.The results indicated that the cumulative emissions of N2O from normal fertilization treatment and normal fertilization combined with straw returning treatment were 7.61 kg·hm-2 and 12.6 kg·hm-2,respectively.The increased N2O from the straw returning mainly occurred during the maize growing season.The N2O emission during the maize growing season from the two fertilization treatments accounted for 57%-86% of the annual N2O cumulative emission,which indicated that the annual emission of N2O mainly occurred during the maize growing season.Total N2O emission after 10 days of each fertilization accounted for about 71%-88% of the annual emission.It is obvious that the application of existing chemical fertilizers greatly promoted the N2O emissions in the North China Plain.

关 键 词：氧化亚氮 施肥 秸秆还田 玉米-小麦轮作田 华北平原 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]