影响南京地区的两次典型空气污染过程分析  

Analysis of the Impact of Two Typical Air Pollution Events on the Air Quality of Nanjing

作　　者：王飞[1] 朱彬[1] 康汉清[1] 高晋徽[1] 王瑛[1] 江琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害省部共建教育部重点实验室,南京210044

出　　处：《环境科学》2012年第10期3647-3655,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41030962);国家自然科学基金项目(41005089);教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(20093228110003);江苏省高校"青蓝工程"项目;江苏高校优势学科工程项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：2009年10月下旬与11月上旬,南京及其周边地区接连经历了两次严重的空气污染过程.第一次污染过程表现为持续性灰霾天气,第二次污染过程主要受秸秆焚烧和区域输送的混合影响.利用地面污染监测数据、气象要素观测资料、卫星遥感火点资料结合后向轨迹模式,采用聚类分析的方法讨论了局地源及区域输送对两次污染过程的影响.结果表明,两次污染过程积聚模态气溶胶数浓度较高,与该地区之前观测结果比较气溶胶浓度峰值向大粒径偏移.两次过程PM2.1中SO24-/NO3-的值分别为1.30和0.99.第一次污染过程受偏东、偏南方向局地排放源的影响,≤0.1μm的气溶胶粒子逐渐累积.第二次污染过程主要受东北方向短距离输送与西南方向局地排放的混合影响,尤其是来自偏南方向气溶胶数浓度较高,≥0.1μm粒子尤为明显,说明秸秆焚烧的排放源主要来自此方向.Nanjing and the surrounding area have experienced two consecutive serious air pollution events from late October to early November in 2009.The first event was long-lasting haze pollution,and the second event was resulted from the mixed impact of crop residue burning and local transportation.The effects of regional transport and local sources on the two events were discussed by cluster analysis,using surface meteorological observations,air pollution index,satellite remote sensing of fire hot spots data and back trajectory model.The results showed that the accumulation-mode aerosol number concentrations were higher than those of any other aerosol modes in the two pollution processes.The peak value of aerosol particle number concentrations shifted to large particle size compare with the previous studies in this area.The ratio of SO2-4/NO-3 was 1.30 and 0.99,indicating that stationary sources were more important than traffic sources in the first event and the reverse in the second event.Affected by the local sources from east and south,the particle counts below 0.1 μm gradually accumulated in the first event.The second event was mainly affected by a short-distance transport from northeast and local sources from southwest,especially south,the concentration of aerosol particles was higher than those in other directions,indicating that the sources of crop residue burning were mainly in this direction.

关 键 词：气溶胶 空气污染过程 后向轨迹 聚类分析 南京地区 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]