广东江门地区早产与婴幼儿哮喘发病关系的前瞻性研究  

Prospective study of the relationship between premature infants and asthma in children from Jiangmen city of Guangdong province

作　　者：门晓英 方文[1] 张丽范[1] 郭小芳[1] 黎艳梅 

机构地区：[1]广东省江门市新会区妇幼保健院,529100

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2012年第29期4560-4563,共4页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：江门市卫生系统2009年度医学科研立项项目〔09A034〕

摘　　要：目的:前瞻性探讨早产与婴幼儿哮喘发病的关系及其影响因素的研究。方法:选取新会区妇幼保健院2008年1月～2009年12月出生的所有活产儿作为研究对象,分为早产组和足月组。出院后由专人随访至3周岁,记录喘息的年龄及次数,同时调查研究对象个人社会及家庭状况和疾病羅患状况。采用后退法进行多因素配比条件Logistic回归分析筛选早产儿哮喘发病的危险因素。结果:共3 491名活产儿,其中早产儿756名,足月儿2 735名。随访至3周岁时,早产儿组呼吸道感染和哮喘的各年累计发病率均显著高于足月组(P<0.05)。多因素配比条件Logistic回归分析早产、既往羅患肺炎/支气管炎/毛细支气管炎、男性、1级哮喘家族史、新生儿期接受NICU治疗、呼吸机治疗和过敏体质等是婴幼儿哮喘发病的高危因素。结论:早产儿在婴幼儿期患哮喘的危险性明显增加,对具有高危因素的早产儿应进行早期随访以及综合干预。Objective： To study prospectively on the relationship between premature infants and asthma in children from Jiangmen city of Guangdong province and the effect factors. Methods： All live births from January 2008 to December 2009 in our hospital were recrui- ted into this study and divided into preterm group and term group. All subjects were followed - up to 3 years old after discharge. The age and frequency of wheezing, individual and family social status and infectious disease were recorded. Back multi - factor matched conditional Lo- gistic regression analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of preterm asthma in children. Results： A total of 3 491 subjects were collected in the study, including 756 premature infants and 2 735 full - term infants. When followed up to three years, the cumulative incidences of asthma and respiratory tract infection in preterm children were significantly higher than th0se of full - term group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the preterm birth, previous accidence of pneumonia/bronchitis/bronchiolitis, male, a family history of asthma, neonatal receiving NICU treatment, ventilator treatment and allergies were high - risk factors for asthma in children. Conclusion： The high - risk factors of asthma in children for preterm infants are significantly increased and the preterm children should be followed up early and given comprehensive intervention on time.

关 键 词：早产儿 婴幼儿哮喘 高危因素 前瞻性研究 

分 类 号：R562.1[医药卫生—呼吸系统]