多菌灵胁迫下嫁接对茄子生长和抗氧化酶活性的影响  

Effects of grafting on eggplant growth and antioxidant enzyme activities under carbendazim stress

作　　者：周宝利[1] 李娟[1] 高平[1] 孟兆华[1] 陈志霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第10期2549-2554,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：沈阳市科技计划项目(F10-226-4-00)资助

摘　　要：以野生茄托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum)为砧木,以栽培品种西安绿茄(S.melongena)为接穗进行嫁接,测定不同施入频次多菌灵条件下嫁接茄子和自根茄子果实中的农药残留、生长发育状况和抗逆生理指标。结果表明,经过多菌灵施药1次、2次、3次处理后,嫁接茄果实中农药残留量比自根茄分别降低了12.7%～49.6%、11.4%～63.1%、13.5%～44.1%;嫁接茄株高、茎粗、植株鲜重和鲜果重相对于自根茄明显增加;嫁接茄根系活力比自根茄增加了6.8%～29.3%、8.7%～24.5%、11.1%～28.6%;嫁接茄叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活性相对于自根茄明显增加,而相对电导率比自根茄降低了16.3%～27.3%,19.7%～31.9%、20.5%～36.1%;嫁接茄丙二醛含量比自根茄降低了21.4%～31.6%、24.6%～37.9%、23.7%～39.0%。试验结果显示,施药2次和3次,各指标变化相对于施药1次明显。因此,在多菌灵胁迫下,嫁接茄子果实中的农药残留降低,植株长势明显增强,有关酶的代谢活性显著提高,从而缓解了多菌灵胁迫对茄子造成的危害。Taking the wild eggplant （Solanum torvum） as rootstock and the cultivated eggplant （S. melongena） cultivar ‘Xi’anlüqie’ as scion, this paper studied the fruits’ pesticide residue, growth indices, and antioxidant enzyme activities of grafted and self-rooted eggplants under the stress of different frequencies carbendazim application. After applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times, the fruits’ pesticide residue of grafted eggplants decreased by 12.7%-49.6%, 11.4%-63.1%, and 13.5%-44.1%, respectively, as compared with that of self-rooted eggplants. The plant height, stem diameter, and plant and fruit fresh weights of grafted eggplants were obviously higher than those of self-rooted eggplants, and the root activity of grafted eggplants after applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times increased by 6.8%-29.3%, 8.7%-24.5%, and 11.1%-28.6%, respectively. The leaf catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD）, and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-PX） activities of grafted eggplants were higher than those of self-rooted plants, and the leaf relative conductivity and malondialdehyde （MDA） content of grafted eggplants after applying carbendazim for once, twice, and three times decreased by 16.3%-27.3%, 19.7%-31.9% and 20.5%-36.1%, and 21.4%-31.6%, 24.6%-37.9% and 23.7%-39.0%, respectively, as compared with those of self-rooted eggplants. These results showed that there was an obvious change in the test indicators after applying carbendazim for twice and three times, as compared with that after applying carbendazim for once. Under the stress of carbendazim, grafted eggplants had little fruits’ pesticide residue, apparently enhanced plant growth, and significantly improved metabolic activities of related enzymes, and thereby, mitigated the harmful effect of carbendazim stress on eggplant.

关 键 词：嫁接茄子 多菌灵胁迫 农药残留 抗逆生理 

分 类 号：S641.1[农业科学—蔬菜学]