小浪底水库调水调沙对壶口至三门峡段鱼类群落结构的影响  

Effects of water and sediment regulation at Xiaolangdi Dam on the fish assemblages from Hukou to Sanmenxia section of Yellow River

作　　者：张军燕[1] 张建军[1] 沈红保[1] 吕彬彬[1] 王晓臣[1] 邢娟娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄河水产研究所,西安710086

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2012年第10期2613-2618,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家水产种质资源整理整合项目(2009DKA30470011)资助

摘　　要：为了了解小浪底水库调水调沙对黄河壶口至三门峡段鱼类群落结构的影响,于2011年调水调沙实验前后对壶口至三门峡段鱼类资源进行了调查。结果表明:调水调沙前鱼类种类组成为26种,调水调沙后为35种;调水调沙后,三门峡库区种类组成及渔获物均下降,主要以餐条等小型鱼类为主,壶口至潼关段鱼类种类及渔获物均有增加,但主要以小型鱼类为主;成鱼资源量显著减少;对比调水调沙前、后多样性指数分析表明,三门峡水库变化较明显;并对如何保护黄河中游鱼类资源提出了一些建议。In order to understand the effects of water and sediment regulation at Xiaolangdi Dam on the fish assemblages in the midstream of Yellow River, an investigation was conducted on the fish resources from Hukou to Sanmenxia section of Yellow River during the period from June to July, 2011. Twenty six and thirty five species of fish composition were observed before and after the water and sediment regulation, respectively. After the water and sediment regulation, both the fish composition and the fish captured in Sanmenxia Reservoir declined, and the smallsized fish community, e.g., Hemiculter leucisculus, dominated. The fish kinds and catches in the section from Hukou to Tonguan after the water and sediment regulation had somewhat increase, but the smallsized fish community still occupied the main position. The adult fish resources from Hukou to Sanmenxia section reduced significantly. The analysis of the fish diversity before and after the water and sediment regulation showed that in Sanmenxia Reservoir, the Margalef richness index, Shannon diversity index, and Pielou evenness index of fish resources all changed obviously. Some advices were given in the protection of migratory fish stocks in the middle reaches of Yellow River.

关 键 词：调水调沙 黄河 鱼类群落结构 

分 类 号：S931.1[农业科学—渔业资源]