滇南野生长果桑资源的应用价值研究  

A Study on the Application Value of Wild Morus laevigata Wall Resources in South of Yunnan Province

作　　者：储一宁[1] 杜伟[1] 吕志强[2] 计东风[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自661101 [2]浙江省农业科学院蚕桑研究所,杭州310021

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2012年第5期777-784,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

摘　　要：考察了云南省滇南自然林区分布的113份野生长果桑资源,其中有66份滇南长果桑资源开雌花并结果,47份开雄花。66份开雌花结果资源的桑椹中有44份结实,27份发芽,但多数发芽率不到50%。对长果桑资源材料进行培苗栽植及野生原芽嫁接栽植,调查其主要农艺性状、扦插生根能力、嫁接亲合性以及桑叶的饲用性,结果表明:27份能发芽的野生长果桑资源桑叶中的总糖含量较低,适口性较差,只有5份资源的桑叶能被家蚕正常摄食;66份开雌花结果的野生长果桑资源中,有86.4%的资源能扦插生根成活,有92.4%的资源能嫁接成活,但各资源间的扦插生根能力和嫁接成活率有明显差异;27份能发芽的野生长果桑资源经嫁接或扦插,使树龄年轻化,果形和叶幅变大,枝条节距变短。丰富的滇南野生长果桑资源可作为果用经济林和生态林木树种开发利用。In this paper, 113 wild long fruit mulberry （Morus laevigata Wall） resources in south of Yunnan Province were investigated. The results showed that 66 of them produced female flower and fruit and the other 47 produced male flow- er. Among the 66 resources producing female flower and fruit, 44 yielded seeds, and seeds of 27 resources could ger- minate with various germination rates lower than 50% in most resources. We cultured the seedlings and grafted the buds of wild long fruit mulberry resources to investigate the main agricultural characters, rooting ability of cuttings, grafting compatibility and feeding value of their leaves. The results showed that mulberry leaves of the 27 long fruit mulberry re- sources of which seeds were able to germinate had low total sugar content and were thus poor in palatability. Only mul- berry leaves of 5 resources were eatable to silkworm. Among the 66 resources producing female flower and fruit, 86.4% of them had the rooting ability, and 92.4% of them survived after grafting. The rooting ability and grafting survival rate were obviously different between different resources. After the 27 long fruit mulberry resources of which seeds were able to germinate were reproduced through grafting and cutting culture, these resources had been rejuvenated. Their fruit had become bigger, leaf wider, and internodal distance shorter. These rich wild long fruit mulberry resources in south of Yunnan Province can be developed and utilized for purpose of fruit and ecology.

关 键 词：长果桑 野生资源 农艺性状 果用桑 生态桑 

分 类 号：S663.9[农业科学—果树学]