振动频率和负荷重量对半蹲起大腿肌群表面肌电活动的影响  

Comparison of Muscle Activity of Thigh for Loaded and Unloaded Dynamic Squats during Whole-Body Vibration of Different Frequencies

作　　者：袁艳[1,2] 吴贻刚[1] 苏彦炬[3] 李玉章[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海200438 [2]江西师范大学体育学院,江西南昌330027 [3]河北经贸大学体育部,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《体育科学》2012年第10期64-68,F0003,共6页China Sport Science

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目课题(09490503400);国家体育总局科研项目资助(10B041)

摘　　要：附加振动刺激的负重半蹲运动成为一种新兴的下肢力量训练手段,但是,负重半蹲运动中附加不同频率的振动刺激对下肢肌肉的激活特征研究较少。以10名健康男性大学生在不附加振动、分别附加频率为30、40、50Hz共计4种振动刺激条件以及无负重和负重30%最大力量两种负荷条件下完成10次半蹲起的大腿表面肌电活动特征进行研究。实验结果经双因素方差分析,振动刺激对所有被检肌肉肌电均方根值(EMGrms)有显著影响(P<0.05),负重对股直肌、股内侧肌和股外侧肌EMGrms有极显著性影响(P<0.01),对股二头肌和半腱肌无显著影响;振动刺激和负重对各被检测肌肉肌电交互作用不显著。多重比较表明,50Hz的振动频率可以显著提高被检肌群的EMGrms。结论:30%1RM负重可以提高股直肌、股内侧肌和股外侧肌的肌肉激活,但不能增加股二头肌和半腱肌的肌肉激活。无论是否负重,半蹲起练习时附加振动频率为50 Hz的振动刺激可以显著增加大腿肌肉激活(P<0.05)。Whole-body vibration （WBV） is a relatively new exercise modality gaining significant interest of lower limb strength, but the muscle activity characteristics of thigh during load squat and vertical vibration exercise at different vibration frequencies was unknown. Ten healthy male college students performed a series of dynamic squats （unloaded with no WBV, unloaded with WBV, loaded with no WBV, and loaded with WBV）. The load was set to 30% of maximum force and WBV included 30,40,50 Hz frequencies with 2-mm amplitude. Muscle activity was recorded with surface electromyography （EMG） on the rectus femoris （RF）, vas- tus medialis （VM）, vastus lateralis （VL）, biceps femoris （BF） and semitendinosus （SEM） and is reported as EMGrms （root mean square） normalized to maximal voluntary contraction. A two-factor analysis of variance showed that ：ibration stimulation had significant effect on EMGrms of all the muscles （P〈0.05）, and loads had significant effect on EMGrms of RF, VM and VL （P〈0.01）. There was no significant interaction between vibration and load. After multiple comparison, it was found that exposure to WBV （50Hz） significantly increased baseline muscle activity in all muscles. In conclusion, it is suggested that WBV can increase the neuromuscular activity of the thigh muscles during dynamic squat. Loads can increase the neuromuscular activity of RF, VM and VL but cannot increase the neuromuscular activity of BF and SEM.

关 键 词：全身振动训练 振动频率 表面肌电 大腿肌肉 肌肉激活 垂直振动 

分 类 号：G804.6[文化科学—运动人体科学]