花石头河沿岸5种草本植物对锌富集的影响  

Study on Zinc Enrichment about 5 Herbaceous Plants in Huashitou River Bank

作　　者：贝荣塔[1] 柳开枚[1] 王厚杰[2] 王仪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650224 [2]成都理工大学旅游与城乡规划学院,四川成都610059

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2012年第29期14259-14262,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省应用基础研究自筹经费项目(2010ZC090);973课题(2003CB415105-6)

摘　　要：[目的]为了探索生长在长期受选矿废水污染土壤上的草本植物对锌的富集与转移特征。[方法]通过对花石头河沿岸3个样区土壤和5种草本植物根部、茎叶进行采样处理与分析测试,研究重金属锌在植物体内的富集和转移特征。[结果]随着土壤锌含量的增加,植物体内锌含量也增加,土壤锌含量与植物全株锌含量、根部锌含量之间表现为0.01水平显著的正相关关系,但与茎叶之间不存在显著性相关关系。5种草本植物根部锌富集系数(EF)为0.941,茎叶EF值为0.464,光叶蕨、紫茎泽兰根部EF值超过1。在山坡上、公路边和河边3个采样区,山坡上5种草本植物的EF值最高,河边采样区各植物的EF值均较低,且它们之间的差异呈0.05水平显著性负相关。5种草本植物的锌转移系数(TF)大小顺序为三叶鬼针草>青蒿>紫茎泽兰>光叶蕨>野牡丹。对于3个采样区,植物中TF大小顺序为山坡上>公路边>河边。土壤锌含量与植物锌的TF呈0.05水平显著性负相关关系,即土壤锌含量越高,植物体内锌的转移系数越低。[结论]土壤中锌含量严重超标时抑制草本植物对锌的富集和转移。[Objective]The research aimed to survey zinc enrichment and transfer characteristics about some herbaceous plants growing in the soil which was polluted by the ore-dressing wastewater in the long time.[Method] The soil of 3 sample areas and the roots and leaves of 5 species herbaceous plants in Huashitou River bank were analyzed.And the heavy metal zinc enrichment and transfer characteristics in the plants were studied.[Result]The plant zinc content increased with the soil zinc raising,and the correlation was significantly positive at 0.01 level（2-tailed） between the soil zinc content and the whole plant or the roots zinc content except the leaves.The mean value of the roots zinc enrichment factor（EF） of 5 species herbaceous plants was 0.941 and that of the leaves was 0.464.The roots EF of Knuiwatsukia cuspidata and Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng were above 1.EF of 5 species herbaceous plants in the mountain was the highest among 3 sample areas and EF of which in the river bank was the lowest.Their correlation was significantly negative at 0.05 level.For 5 species herbaceous plants,the zinc transfer factor’s order was as follows： Bidens pilosa〉Herba Artemisiae annuae〉Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng〉Knuiwatsukia cuspidata〉Melastoma affine D.Don.For 3 sample areas,the zinc transfer factor’s order was as follows： the mountain〉the road side〉the river bank.The correlation between the soil zinc TF and the plant zinc TF was significantly negative at 0.05 level,that is,the plant zinc content decreased with the soil zinc raising.[Conclusion]The zinc enrichment and transfer would be controlled naturally when the soil zinc content surpassed Chinese national standard seriously.

关 键 词：草本植物 锌含量 锌富集 转移系数 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培] X143[农业科学—作物学]