超声引导在患儿颈内静脉穿刺置管中的应用  

Application of ultrasound-guided for internal jugular vein cannulation in infants

作　　者：赵柏松[1] 孟凌新[1] 邢准[1] 于铁英[1] 赵广翊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属盛京医院麻醉科,沈阳市110004

出　　处：《临床麻醉学杂志》2012年第9期891-893,共3页Journal of Clinical Anesthesiology

摘　　要：目的比较超声引导与传统体表标志定位在患儿颈内静脉穿刺置管中的差异。方法将53例行心脏外科或消化道手术的患儿(0～36个月)随机分成超声引导组(U组,28例)和体表定位组(L组,25例)。前者在超声引导下行颈内静脉置管术,后者使用传统的体表标志定位法行颈内静脉置管术。记录两组成功率、穿刺时间、试穿次数及并发症。结果 U组一次成功率为96.43%,明显高于L组的80%(P<0.05);穿刺相关并发症U组仅3.57%,明显低于L组28%(P<0.01),同时U组穿刺时间明显短于L组(P<0.05),穿刺次数明显少于L组(P<0.05)。结论超声引导应用于患儿颈内静脉穿刺置管可提高置管成功率,减少并发症的发生。Objective To compare the differences between the ultrasound imaging technique and the conventional anatomical landmark method in internal jugular vein puncture in infants. Methods Fifty-three infants, aged less than 36 months, undergoing elective surgery for congenital disease of digestive tract or heart were randomized into two groups. In the landmarks group （group L）, the patients＇ internal jugular veins were cannulated using the traditional method of anatomic landmarks. In the ultrasound group （group U）, cannulation was guided using an ultrasound imaging. The success rate, puncture time, numbers of cannulation attempts and complication were recorded for the two groups. Results The cannulation success rate at first attempt at the group U and group K was 96.43% and 80% （P〈0.05）, the incidence of complication was 3.57% and 28% （P〈0.01）, respectively. The cannulation time and the number of attempts were less in the group U than in the group L （P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided localization of the internal jugular vein is superior to the landmarks technique in terms of success rate, speed, and decrease incidence of complication in infants.

关 键 词：超声引导 患儿 颈内静脉穿刺置管术 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]