壬基酚对红鲫、草鱼和鲢鱼的毒性及组织蓄积研究  

Toxicity and tissue accumulation of nonylphenol in Carassius auratus red variety,Grass Carp and Sliver Carp

作　　者：吕晓华[1] 古燕[2] 宋艳[3] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学教研室,成都610041 [2]四川省成都市高新区肖家河社区卫生服务中心 [3]四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所

出　　处：《卫生研究》2012年第5期785-789,共5页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金：四川省卫生厅科研课题(No.070160)

摘　　要：目的了解不同鱼种对壬基酚的毒性差异。方法选择红鲫、草鱼和鲢鱼鱼苗,4-壬基酚换水式染毒进行96h急性毒性试验、12周亚慢性毒性试验、外周血红细胞微核试验,高效液相色谱法测定组织中4-壬基酚。结果①4-壬基酚对红鲫、草鱼和鲢鱼的96h LC50分别为251.30、155.84和187.01μg/L。②染毒12周,红鲫高剂量组肝胰脏系数降低,中、高剂量组卵巢系数增高(P<0.05);草鱼中剂量组肾脏系数降低(P<0.05);鲢鱼高剂量组肝胰脏系数降低(P<0.05)。③染毒4周时,红鲫和鲢鱼中、高剂量组及草鱼高剂量组微核细胞率与对照组相比显著增高(P<0.05);染毒8周及以后,受试鱼各剂量组微核细胞率均增高(P<0.05);④受试鱼肌肉、脑和肝胰脏等组织样品中均有4-壬基酚检出,其中肝胰脏的生物浓缩系数最高;红鲫对4-壬基酚的生物浓缩系数高于草鱼和鲢鱼。结论红鲫对壬基酚较敏感。Objective To understand the toxicity of nonylphenol on different fish species. Methods Testing the acute toxicity and subchronic toxicity of 4-nonylphenol on Carassius auratus red variety, Grass Carp ahd Sliver Carp. Counting the number of micronucleus in peripheral blood erythrocytes and detecting the content of 4-nonylphenol accumulated in fish tissue by HPLC. Results （ 1 ） The LCs0 of 4-nonylphenol exposure for 96 h for Carassius auratus red variety, Grass Carp and Sliver Carp were 251.30, 155.84 and 187.01 p,g/L, respectively. （2） After the exposure of 4-nonylphenol at a concentration of 25.13 and 18.70μg/L for 12 weeks, the liver coefficient of Carassius auratus red variety and Grass Carp decreased, and after the exposure at a concentration of 2.51 μg/L the ovary coefficient increased. （3）The micronucleus rates in peripheral blood erythrocytes of Carassius auratus red variety and Grass Carp were significantly higher after 4-nonylphenol exposure for eight weeks with a significant time- and dose-dependent manner. （4）4-nonylphenol was detected in muscle, brain and liver. The biological concentration coefficient of 4-nonylphenol was higher in Carassius auratus red variety thanGrass Carp and Sliver Carp. Conclusion Carassius auratus red variety is sensitive to nonylphenols, and can be used as a detector for bio-monitoring the contamination of nonylphenols.

关 键 词：壬基酚 鱼 急性毒性 亚慢性毒性 遗传毒性组织蓄积 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]