温度、盐度和pH对尼罗罗非鱼性别分化的影响  

Effects of water temperature,salinity and pH on sex differentiation of Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：王海贞[1] 王辉[1] 强俊[2] 徐跑[2] 李瑞伟 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,广东湛江524025 [2]中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,江苏无锡214081 [3]茂南三高罗非鱼良种繁殖基地,广东茂名525024

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2012年第10期2893-2899,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项[A2010002-010(b)];农业部公益性行业科研专项(200903046-02);广东省教育部产学研结合项目科技创新平台建设专项(2011B01048)资助

摘　　要：采用Box-Behnken设计及响应曲面法研究了温度(20～36℃)、盐度(0～16)和pH(5.5～8.5)3个主要环境因子对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼性别分化的影响.结果表明:温度的一次和二次效应分别对吉富罗非鱼性别分化的影响显著.盐度和pH的一次和二次效应分别对吉富罗非鱼性别分化的影响不显著,3个环境因子中任意2个因子之间的互作效应都不显著.采用响应曲面法分析发现,随着温度的升高,吉富罗非鱼的雄性率呈逐渐上升的趋势;温度为36℃、盐度为8、pH为8.5时,吉富罗非鱼最大雄性率可达80%.建立雄性率与温度、盐度和pH三者之间关系的模型方程,并剔除相关不显著的因子后,得到雄性率与温度之间的模型方程,可用于预测吉富罗非鱼雄性率的变化.By using Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology,this paper studied the effects of three major environmental factors,i.e.,water temperature （20-36 ℃）,salinity （0-16）,and pH （5.5-8.5）,on the sex differentiation of GIFT strain Nile tilapia （Oreochromis niloticus）.It was observed that water temperature had highly significant linear and quadratic effects on the sex differentiation,water salinity and pH had non-significant linear and quadratic effects,and the two-factor interactions of the three factors were not significant.The analysis with response surface methodology showed that the male rate of the GIFT tilapia increased with increasing water temperature,and at water temperature 36 ℃,salinity 8,and pH 8.5,the male rate reached the maximum （80%）.A model equation about the relationships of the male rate with the three major environmental factors was established,and after eliminating the related non-significant factors,an optimal model equation about the relationship between the male rate and water temperature was attained,which could predict the variation of the GIFT tilapia male rate.

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 环境因子 性别分化 响应曲面法 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]