护理干预对降低初产妇会阴切开率的临床研究  

The clinical research of nursing intervention to reduce perineum incision rate of primi-para

作　　者：黄伟嫦[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东医学院附属石龙博爱医院产科,东莞523325

出　　处：《国际医药卫生导报》2012年第20期3076-3080,共5页International Medicine and Health Guidance News

摘　　要：目的探讨护理干预对降低正常分娩初产妇会阴切开率的影响。方法将710例正常分娩的初产妇按人院顺序随机分成对照组368例和干预组342例。对照组按正常分娩常规护理，干预组除按常规护理之外，同时还进行会阴条件评估、在产程中鼓励并指导产妇采取自由体位；减少阴道检查次数；持续给予支持、鼓励与赞扬；在第二产程让产妇自发性用力，并非鼓励性用力，并指导产妇控制性应用腹压，让胎头缓慢娩出等干预措施。比较两组会阴损伤，第二产程时间、新生儿窒息、产后出血、会阴切口感染等情况。结果干预组会阴切开率（24．27％）低于对照组（85．05％），会阴完整率（21．64％）高于干预组（2．44％），差异有显著性（Jp〈0．01），两组均未出现Ⅲ-Ⅳ度裂伤。结论护理干预能有效地降低会阴切开率，减少会阴损伤。Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention to reduce episiotomy rate of primipara. Methods Tile 710 primiparas who gave birth normally were randomly divided into two groups, 368 cases for control group and 342 cases for intervention group. Control group implemented routine nursing. On the basis of control group, intervention group estimated perineum condition, encouraged and guided primipara take free position in the process of delivery, reduced time of vaginal examination, encouraged and praised primipara continually; during the second stage of labor, energized primiparas to exert themselves spontaneously, guided primiparas control abdominal pressure to make fetal head deliver slowly. Perineum damage rate, time of the second stage of labor, neonatal asphyxia, postpartum bleeding, perineum infection were compared between two groups. Results Perineum incision rate of intervention group（24.27%） was lower than 85.05% of control group; perineum integrity rate of intervention group（21.64%） was higher than 2.44% of control group; the differences were statistically significant（ P〈 0.01 ）. There was no laceration of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree in two groups. Conclusion Nursing intervention can reduce perineum incision rate and perineum damage effectively.

关 键 词：护理干预 初产妇 会阴切开 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]