DR床旁摄影辐射剂量分布规律的研究  

Radiation protection:radiation exposure of bedside digital radiography

作　　者：李成荣[1] 陈光文[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院四川省人民医院放射科,成都610072

出　　处：《放射学实践》2012年第10期1132-1134,共3页Radiologic Practice

摘　　要：目的:分析DR床旁机X线管周围辐射剂量的分布规律,指导操作人员及同室其他人员选择相对合理位置,减少辐射。方法:采用成人胸部床旁摄影参数,将DR床旁机球管正对水模进行多次曝光,以X线管焦点为中心选择2个辐射平面共40个测量点,使用辐射剂量仪记录每次曝光时各测量点的瞬时最大剂量值,取每个点的平均值作为该测量点的辐射剂量值。结果:①在X线管长轴与入射中心线平面,不同距离各测量点的辐射剂量值分别为:200、190、150、140、90、80、15μGy/h(50cm),170、155、120、110、80、70、11.5μGy/h(100cm)和130、115、90、80、60、50、9.5μGy/h(150cm);②在X线管短轴与入射中心线平面,不同距离各测量点的辐射剂量值分别为198、186、146、132、86、75、15μGy/h(50cm),166、149、115、101、75、65、11.5μGy/h(100cm)和124、108、84、69、54、46、9.5μGy/h(150cm);③入射中心线上距焦点100cm处辐射剂量均为350μGy/h。结论:DR床旁机X线管周围辐射剂量存在阴极侧大于阳极侧、距焦点距离越远辐射剂量越小和从入射中心线到X线管正后方两侧剂量逐渐减小的分布规律。Objective：To investigate radiation dose distribution pattern around the X-ray tube of digital radiography（DR） bedside X-ray unit in order to guide equipment operators and persons in the room to select relatively safe places with less radiation.Method：A water phantom was scanned multiple times with a protocol of adult bedside chest X-ray：X-ray tube focus as center,two radiation planes and 40 measurement points were used.The maximal value of each measurement point in each scan was recorded using radiation dosimeter.The mean value of each measurement point was used as radiation dose of each measurement point.Results：In the long axis of X-ray tube and incident central X-ray plane,radiation dose at different measurement points were 200,190,150,140,90,80,15μGy/h（50cm）,170,155,120,110,80,70,11.5μGy/h（100cm） and 130,115,90,80,60,50,9.5μGy/h（150cm）,respectively.In the short axis of the X-ray tube and incident central X-ray plane,the radiation dose at different measurement points were 198,186,146,132,86,75,15μGy/h（50cm）,166,149,115,101,75,65,11.5μGy/h（100cm） and 124,108,84,69,54,46,9.5μGy/h（150cm）,respectively.The radiation dose of the measurement point at the incident central X-ray 100cm from the X-ray tube focus was 350μGy/h.Conclusions：The amount of radiation dose on the cathode side of X-ray field is greater than that on the anode side.The amount of radiation exposure increases and decreases with the distance from the radiation source.

关 键 词：X线 放射摄影术 胸部 辐射剂量 

分 类 号：R144[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]