环保增塑剂柠檬酸三丁酯的合成及应用  

Synthesis and Application of Environmental Plasticizer Tributyl Citrate

作　　者：李耀仓[1] 马红霞[1] 邓飞雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉生物工程学院化学与环境工程系,湖北武汉430415

出　　处：《塑料工业》2012年第10期24-27,共4页China Plastics Industry

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学研究计划项目(B20084001)

摘　　要：以柠檬酸和正丁醇为原料,一水合硫酸氢钠为催化剂合成了柠檬酸三丁酯(TBC);考察了影响其酯化率的因素。通过实验确定了最佳反应条件:0.1 mol柠檬酸,醇酸物质的量之比为4.8 1∶,一水合硫酸氢钠是合成柠檬酸三丁酯的优良催化剂,其用量4.5 g,反应时间2.5 h,反应温度110～120℃,酯化率达到88.1%,产品为微黄色透明油状液体,折光率为n2D5=1.443～1.445,沸点为225℃,并用红外对产品进行鉴定。通过TBC和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)增塑聚氯乙烯(PVC)进行对比研究。结果表明,当m(TBC)∶m(PVC)=25 1∶00时,TBC增塑PVC材料的拉伸强度、断裂伸长率及低温性能与DOP增塑PVC材料性能相当。The tributyl citrate （TBC） was synthesized with citric acid and n-butanol as the raw materials, sodium bisulfate as the catalyst. The factors of affecting the esterification rate were studied. The results showed the optimum reaction conditions： with 0. 1 tool citric acid, and the alcohol/acid was 4. 8/1, sodium bisulfate was an excellent catalyst, and the content was 4. 5 g, reaction time was 2.5 h, reaction temperature was 110 ℃ -120 ℃, the esterification rate was at 88. 1%. The product was light yellow 25 transparent oily liquid, the refractive rate nD^25 was 1. 443 - 1. 445, a boiling point was at 225 ℃, and the products were identified by infrared spectra. TBC and DOP plasticized PVC were compared. The results showed that when m （TBC）：m （PVC） = 25：100, the tensile strength, elongation at break and low temperature performance of TBC plasticized PVC were fairly the same with those of the DOP plasticized PVC material.

关 键 词：环保增塑剂 柠檬酸三丁酯 一水合硫酸氢钠 酯化率 拉伸性能 

分 类 号：TQ414[化学工程]