运动对成长期大鼠骨骼肌神经肌肉连接形态结构发育的影响  

Effects of Physical Activities on Development of Neuromuscular Junction of Rats in Growth Period

作　　者：安楠[1] 张漓[1] 徐建方[1] 路瑛丽[1] 赵鹏[1] 赵杰修[1] 何子红[1] 冯连世[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061

出　　处：《中国运动医学杂志》2012年第9期793-799,共7页Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine

基　　金：国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费课题(项目编号06-17)

摘　　要：目的:探讨神经肌肉连接(Neuromuscular junction,NMJ)形态结构在成长期(断乳-性成熟)的发育特征及运动对这一过程的影响。方法:3周龄(断乳)Sprague-Dawley雄性大鼠随机分为对照组(C组)、运动组(T组)和悬吊组(H组),运动组和悬吊组分别进行运动增强(跑台运动)和运动减弱(尾部悬吊)干预至8周龄(性成熟),分别于4周龄、5周龄、6周龄、8周龄进行腓肠肌运动终板荧光及组织化学染色和图像测量,比较各组间运动终板形态、数量、面积、周长和胆碱酯酶(AchE)含量的差异。结果:运动终板形态受周龄和运动干预双重影响,对照组4周龄终板面积和终板周长显著高于3周龄(P<0.01),对照组6周龄终板面积和终板周长显著高于5周龄(P<0.01);对照组4周龄运动终板计数显著低于3周龄(P<0.01);悬吊组4周龄和5周龄终板计数显著低于同龄对照组(P<0.05)。腓肠肌AchE含量仅受周龄影响,对照组4周龄AchE染色OD值显著高于3周龄(P<0.01)。结论:大鼠成长期NMJ形态在出生后早期(4周龄以前)及青春期均明显发育;其重要的结构成分AchE含量在出生后早期显著升高,之后保持稳定;运动可以在一定程度上促进成长期NMJ形态的发育,具有阶段性显著增长的特征,但不影响AchE含量的稳定。Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of neuromuscular junction （NMJ） development of rat in growth period （from weaning to sexual maturity）. Methods 3- week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group（C） training group（T） and hanging group （H）. Hyperkinesia （treadmill-running） and hypomotility （tail-suspension） interventions were intro- duced to group T and group H respectively. The morphology,number,area,perimeter and acetyl- cholinesterase（AchE） content in end plates were measured by fluorescent and histochemistry staining at 3,4,5,6 and 8 weeks of age and compared among groups. Results The development of end plate mor- phology was affected both by age and exercise intervention. The area and perimeter of end plate at 4 weeks of age were significantly greater than that at 3 weeks of age （P 〈 0.01 ）,and greater at 6 weeks of age than that at 5 weeks of age（P 〈 0.01 ）. The end plate number of group H was less than that of group C at 4 and 5 weeks of age（P 〈 0.05）. AchE content was affected only by age,and was higher at 4 weeks of age than that at 3 weeks of age （P 〈 0.01 ） ,while the end plate number at 4 weeks of age was less than that at 3 weeks of age （P 〈 0.01）. Conclusion Neuromuscular junction grows significantly both inearly period after birth and in adolescence of rats. The structural component-AchE content significantly increases in early period after birth and remains stable thereafter. Though exercises promote the growth of neuromuscular junction to some extent particularly in the sensitive period of development, but do not affect the stableness of AchE content.

关 键 词：神经肌肉接头 成长期 发育 形态 结构 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学] R87[文化科学—体育学]