海拉尔盆地贝尔凹陷基岩断层相关裂缝发育特征及模拟实验研究  

Study on fault associated crack development characteristics and simulation experiment about the buried hill reservoir in the Beier Sag,Hailer Basin

作　　者：张云峰[1] 刘佩佩[1] 齐庆鹏[1] 孙永河[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学地球科学学院,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《地质科学》2012年第4期1176-1187,共12页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(编号:2012CB723102);国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05008-001-52)资助

摘　　要：海拉尔盆地基岩潜山油藏的发现拓宽了大庆油田外围油田勘探的领域,裂缝是贝尔凹陷基岩潜山油藏的主要储集空间之一。为查明潜山裂缝发育特征与分布规律,根据大量岩心观察统计资料,研究了裂缝类型、密度、宽度、充填期次等发育特征及基岩断层发育特征。研究表明,贝尔凹陷基岩发育3类断裂:即早期伸展断裂、早期伸展中期张扭长期活动断裂和早期伸展中期张扭晚期反转长期活动断裂。二者的几何学特征、距断层距离及成像测井资料均表明,裂缝主要是断裂构造活动过程中形成的,基岩断层活动的多期性造成了裂缝发育的复杂性。为验证断层对裂缝的控制作用,进行了物理模拟实验,实验结果表明,伴生裂缝主要发育于断层面两侧,距离断层面越远,裂缝密度变小,岩层厚度、断移速率、岩性变化、距断面距离等因素对裂缝发育均有一定的控制作用。The discovery of the buried hill reservoir in the bedrock of the Hailar Basin has broadened the exploration areas of the peripheral oil fields of Daqing oil field. The crack is one of the main reservoir space of the buried hill reservoir in the bedrock of the Beier Sag. To find out the development characteristics and distribution rules of the buried hill cracks, based on a lot of the core observation data, the author studied the development characteristics of the crack such as the types, density, width as well as filling period and development characteristics of the bedrock faults. It is concluded that there were three types faults which were early extensional faults, early extensional middle tensional-shear long-term active faults and early extensional middle tensional-shear late inverse long-term active faults. Their geometry characteristics, distance of the fault and the imaging logging data indicate that the crack is mainly formed in the process of the fracture structure, and the multi stages of fault activity of the bedrock caused the complexity of fracture development. In order to validate the control function of the crack fault, the author carried on the physical simulation experiment, and the experimental results show that the associated cracks mainly develop on both sides of the fault. The farther fault plane distance is, the smaller crack density is. The factors such as the thickness of strata, broken shift rate, lithological changes and the distance from fault plane all have certain control function on the fracture development.

关 键 词：潜山 裂缝 断层 模拟实验 贝尔凹陷 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学] TE122[天文地球—地质学]