夏秋花粉症与气传花粉相关性调查  

Relationship between autumnal pollinosis and airborne pollens in summer-autumn in the Qingdao area

作　　者：刘杰[1] 曲辉[1] 鹿道温 郭艳丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市市南区人民医院变态反应科 [2]青岛市第五人民医院变态反应科,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《山东大学耳鼻喉眼学报》2012年第5期51-54,共4页Journal of Otolaryngology and Ophthalmology of Shandong University

基　　金：青岛市市南区科技发展计划项目(2009-3-30-GG)

摘　　要：目的调查青岛地区夏秋气传花粉与花粉症的关系,以期为花粉症防治提供依据。方法 2010年7月1日至10月31日,采用重力沉降法进行空气曝片花粉调查,并通过花粉变应原皮内试验、鼻黏膜特异性激发试验和血清特异性IgE测定,确诊213例夏秋季花粉症患者。结果 2010年7～10月花粉为2971粒,主要气传花粉为蒿属、葎草属和豚草,空气中花粉含量与夏秋花粉症患者的发病有明显的相关性。213例中有118例合并哮喘,占55.40%。夏秋花粉症皮内试验结果得出蒿属花粉的阳性率最高,为83.53%。在60例疑诊患者的鼻黏膜激发试验中,阳性率为63.33%,其中激发后PEF≥10%者5例,占11.90%。在这些患者中采用免疫印记法行血清特异性IgE测定,阳性率为56.67%～61.67%。结论夏秋季节中气传致敏花粉容易诱发气道(鼻腔和支气管)高反应性,特异性鼻黏膜激发试验可影响支气管的反应性。空气中蒿属、葎草和豚草花粉是引起青岛地区变应性鼻炎和支气管哮喘的重要病因。Objective To investigate the classification and amount of airborne autumnal pollens in the Qingdao area and it＇s relationship to pollinosis. Methods Airborne pollens were collected with a gravity precipitation method from July to October in 2010. The collected pollen grains were identified under microscopy. In addition, 213 patients were diagnosed as pollinosis according to intradermal skin tests, specific intranasal provocation test （SNPT） with pollen al- lergens and specific serum IgE （SIgE）. Results 2971 pollen grains were collected, and the major airborne pollens were artemisia, humulus and ambrosia. There were a significant relationship between amount of airborne pollens and number of pollinosis. 118 patients complicated bronchial asthma. Skin testing positive rate of artemisia pollen aller- gen was the highest, up to 83.53%. In 60 patients the positive rate of SNFF was 63.33%, in which, after SNPT there were 5 patients showed airway hyperresponse, PEF i〉 10%, at 11.90%. The positive rate of SIgE （ immunob- loting method） was 56.67% -61.67%. Conclusion In summer-autumn, airborne allergic pollens induced easily air- way （ nose and bronchiole） response. SNPT can cause influence to bronchial response. Airborne pollens of artemisia, humulus and ambrosia are important pathogenesis causing allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma in the Qingdao area.

关 键 词：夏秋气传花粉 花粉症 支气管哮喘 皮内试验 鼻黏膜激发试验 血清特异性IgE测定 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科] S852.55[医药卫生—临床医学]