河北地区村民与天津市民变应性鼻炎变应原谱比较  

Distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis in Hebei villagers and Tianjin citizens

作　　者：王泽海[1] 林文森[2,3] 王丽[1] 王小奇[1] 陈洁[2,3] 张振富 于金珍 

机构地区：[1]青县人民医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,河北062650 [2]天津市南开医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科 [3]天津市中西医结合耳鼻咽喉科研究所 [4]承德兴隆县医院呼吸科 [5]沧州市人民医院港口分院呼吸科

出　　处：《中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志》2012年第10期809-812,共4页Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金（072761356）

摘　　要：目的 通过对变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis，AR）流行病学调查分析，获得河北地区生活村民（简称河北村民）与天津市生活市民（简称天津市民）以及其中AR确诊患者的变应原分布情况。方法自2007年4月至2010年5月，通过随机整群和多级抽样，抽取河北村民与天津市民，进行直接面访调查和血清特异性IgE（specific IgE，slgE）检测，应用SPSS13．0软件对变应原分布数据进行统计学分析。结果调查对象共计1524例。其中，河北村民1024例、天津市民500例，血清slgE检测阳性率分别为27．2％（279／1024）和21．2％（106／500），差异有统计学意义（X^2=7．13，P〈0．01）；AR患病率分别为9．2％（94／1024）和9．0％（45／500），差异无统计学意义（）（。=0．01，P〉0．05）。狗上皮、猫上皮是河北农村地区AR的首要变应原，其次为粉尘螨、屋尘螨、桦木花粉（桦木）、牧草花粉（牧草）；粉尘螨、屋尘螨是天津市区AR的首要变应原，其次为狗上皮、桦木、猫上皮、牧草。河北村民与天津市民AR变应原存在明显差异的变应原种类为：屋尘螨、粉尘螨和狗上皮（X^2值分别为11．36、9．14、5．28，P值均〈0．05）。狗上皮变应原AR致病率河北村民较天津市民高，屋尘螨和粉尘螨变应原AR患病率天津市民较河北村民高。结论变应原在AR患病中起重要作用，变应原存在地域和城乡差异。Objective To investigate the epidemiology of allergic rhinitis（AR） and the distribution of allergens in villagers who lived in Hebei Province （ Hebei villagers） and the citizens who lived in the city of Tianjin （Tianjin citizens）. Methods From April 2007 to May 2010, face to face investigation and serum specific IgE （sIgE） examination were conducted among Hebei villagers and Tianjin citizens by randomly multi-stage and cluster sampling, and the results were analyzed. Results A total of 1524 cases were investigated, among them, 1024 cases in Hebei and 500 cases in Tianjin, the prevalence of the sIgE test was 27.2% （279/1024） and 21.2% （106/500）, and the difference was of statistical significance （X^2 -7.13, P 〈 O. 01 ）. The prevalence of AR was 9.2% （94/1024） and 9.0% （45/500） , the difference was of no statistical significance（ X^2 = 0.01, P 〉 0.05 ）. The most common allergens were dog epithelium and cat epithelium, the next were dust mites, house dust mites, birch and forage grasses in rural areas of Hebei Province. The most eommon allergens in Tianjin city were dust mites and house dust mites, the next were dog epithelimn, eat epithelium , birch and forage grasses. The prevalence of allergens between Hehei villagers and Tianjin citizens had significant difference, which from high to low were house dust mites, dust

关 键 词：流行病学研究 鼻炎 变应性 常年性 季节性 流行病学因素 患病率 变应原 

分 类 号：R765.21[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]