狗牙根抗盐性评价及抗盐机理研究进展  

Salinity tolerance evaluation and mechanisms in bermudagrass(Cynodon spp.)

作　　者：陈静波[1,2] 刘建秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省中国科学院植物研究所南京中山植物园,江苏南京210014 [2]南京农业大学园艺系,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《草业学报》2012年第5期302-310,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金项目(31101567);江苏省特色观赏植物资源收集;开发和服务体系建设项目(BM2009905)资助

摘　　要：狗牙根是一种重要的暖季型草坪草、牧草和水土保持植物。笔者对狗牙根抗盐性评价及抗盐机理方面的研究进行了综述。目前已经对狗牙根属内及与其他草种间进行了广泛的抗盐性评价,认为其具有较强的抗盐性,能够在盐碱地生长,并且存在较大的属内基因型变异;从种间来看,狗牙根的抗盐性通常弱于盐草、沟叶结缕草、海雀稗等草种,而强于结缕草、虎尾草、野牛草、假俭草、高羊茅等草种。在抗盐机理上,已经在离子(主要为Na+、K+)调控和渗透调节上取得一些进展,狗牙根主要通过盐腺分泌盐离子、离子选择运输、气孔调节等来降低地上部分盐离子积累,通过积累甜菜碱、脯氨酸、可溶性糖等有机物来进行渗透调节。将来的研究应主要侧重于离子选择性吸收、运输、分配和有机渗透调节物质合成关键基因的确定及表达调控机制。Bermudagrass（Cynodon spp.） is an important warm season turfgrass,forage,and soil and water conservation plant.Evaluation of salinity tolerance in bermudagrass cultivars and wild resources indicates that they are salinity-tolerant,can grow in saline soil,but there are significant genetic differences in the genus Cynodon.Salinity tolerance of bermudagrass is often less than that of saltgrass,manilagrass and seashore paspalum,but greater than Japanese zoysiagrass,rhodes grass,buffalo grass,centipedegrass and tall fescue.Na＋ and K＋ ion regulation and osmoregulation have been studied as mechanisms of salinity tolerance and bermudagrass has been found to reduce salt ions accumulation in shoots by means of salt glands secreting salt ions,ion selective transportation,stomatal regulation,and accumulation of osmotica such as betaine,proline,and soluble sugar.Finding key genes and their expression for ion selective absorption,transportation,distribution,synthesis of organic osmotica are important research directions in the future.

关 键 词：狗牙根 抗盐性 评价 离子调节 渗透调节 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺]