非心血管病患者血液透析相关低血压的监测与护理  

Monitoring and Nursing of Intra-Hemodialysis Hypotension in Patients without Overt Cardiovascular Diseases

作　　者：葛梅[1] 孙红[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南京医科大学附属南京医院(南京市第一医院)血液净化中心,210006

出　　处：《中华全科医学》2012年第11期1810-1810,1820,共2页Chinese Journal of General Practice

摘　　要：目的回顾性分析非心血管病患者血液透析中低血压的监测及处理方法。方法收集71例无明显心血管病变的患者,回顾性分析其透析中低血压发生情况。对患者一般资料及透析情况进行分析,并汇报其血压监测及低血压处理措施。结果 71例患者血压通过血压计或者心电监护仪进行监测。透析中血压较透析前平均下降(40±7)mm Hg。无症状性低血压9例;出现面色苍白、出冷汗、脉搏细速等表现者47例,一过性意识丧失、大小便失禁、昏迷等严重症状者10例,其他症状者14例。通过及时处理,61例患者血压得到及时纠正,10例合并严重并发症患者转入ICU进一步救治,其中1例患者死亡。结论透析中低血压可引起严重并发症,有效的血压监测和及时救治对处理透析中低血压十分重要。Objective To retrospectively analyze and evaluate the efficacy of monitoring methods and nursing measures with re- spect to intra-hemodialysis（intra-HD） hypotension. Methods 71 cases without overt cardiovascular disease were retrospectively studied on hypotension encountered in intra-HD. Patient specific data and HD specific data were collected for further analysis. The monitoring methods and nursing measures was also presented for evaluating efficacy. Results Of 71 cases, blood pressure （BP） was monitored via sphygmomanometer or electrocardiogram monitor. For these patients,intra-HD BP was decreased with an aver- age of（40 ~ 7） mm Hg. Hypotension in 61 cases was instantly returned to normal while 10 cases with severe complications were transferred to ICU for further treatment in which 1 patient was finally dead. Conclusion Intra-HD hypotension can result in seri- ous complications for patient;effective monitoring and prompt treatment was vital for recover,/of intra-HD hvpotension.

关 键 词：透析中低血压 血液透析 血压监测 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学] R459.5[医药卫生—临床医学]