油菜机收割台茎秆分离装置设计与试验  

Experiment using stalk separator designed for the header of rape harvester

作　　者：罗海峰[1] 汤楚宙[1] 官春云[2] 吴明亮[1] 谢方平[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学工学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学油料研究所,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期548-550,共3页Journal of Hunan Agricultural University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：农业部跨越计划(农财发[2009]50);湖南省政府重大专项(湘财农指[2009]84号);湖南省科学技术厅重大专项(2009FJ1006–2)

摘　　要：为减少油菜在机械化收获时的掉粒损失,以碧浪–200Y型油菜联合收割机割台为研究对象,设计了4种割台茎秆分离装置:撮箕形茎秆分离装置、侧置籽粒收集装置、栅格式茎秆分离装置、拨杆主动型茎秆分离装置。田间试验结果表明:侧置籽粒收集装置工作时阻力较大,并伴有侧压挂枝现象发生,难以实现茎秆分离,田间掉粒损失为4.1%;撮箕形装置能够实现茎秆分离,但是插入茎秆处过宽,导致插入茎秆效果不理想,茎秆有回弹现象,田间掉粒损失为3.7%;栅格式装置田间掉粒损失为3.6%;拨杆主动型装置掉粒损失最小,无反弹现象,田间掉粒损失为3.2%,效果较理想。Based on ＂Bilang＂–200Y rape combine harvester header,four kinds of stalk separator including dustpan shaped separator,separator with side seed collection device,grid type separator,active arm-driving separator have been designed to reduce rapeseed losses in the process of mechanical harvesting.The results of field experiment showed that the separator with side seed collection device showed high resistance in the work process,causing the phenomenon of lateral pressure and hanging branches,which pose difficulty to achieve the separation of rape stem;the dustpan shaped separator could separate the rape stem,but the place where the stem inserted was too wide,causing unsatisfying stem insertion,besides,the stem could rebound;active arm driving separator could separate rape stem with no rebound.The loss rate of rapeseed using separator with side seed collection device,dustpan shaped separator,grid type separator and active arm-driving separator were 4.1%,3.7%,3.6% and 3.2% respectively.The results indicate active arm-driving separator,which showed the least loss rate of rape seed,is the ideal device for separation of rape stem.

关 键 词：油菜 联合收割机割台 茎秆分离装置 

分 类 号：S225.99[农业科学—农业机械化工程]