接种方式对堆肥过程中功能菌定殖的影响  

Effects of Different Inoculation Methods on the Colonization of Functional Microorganisms During Composting

作　　者：鄢海印[1] 刘可星[1] 毛敬麟[1] 张俊涛[2] 廖宗文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642 [2]广州市园林科学研究所,广州510405

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2012年第10期2039-2045,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2010B090400159);广东省科技计划项目(2011A030600002)

摘　　要：利用园林绿化废弃物添加磷矿粉,在堆肥前期、后期以及前后期分两次接种复合菌剂进行好氧堆肥,通过抗生素标记、选择性培养基方法,研究堆肥过程功能菌(解磷菌、拮抗菌)的定殖状况,分析堆肥产品的微生物群落功能多样性、解磷效果以及对青枯病菌的拮抗性能。结果表明:堆肥后期和分前后两次接种复合菌剂明显增加堆肥枯草芽孢杆菌、胶质芽孢杆菌功能菌数量,而前期接种经过堆肥高温期,堆体功能菌数量锐减,表明功能菌定殖效果取决于是否后期接种;堆肥后期和分前后两次接种显著提高了堆肥的微生物群落功能多样性、堆肥水溶性磷和有效磷含量以及堆肥对青枯病菌拮抗性能。With the construction of ecological city,garden wastes increase rapidly.How to deal with the garden wastes becomes a challenge problem.Aerobic composting with high temperature is one of important technologies,which kills harmful organisms and recover from garden wastes.However,exploitation of new added value to the compost is of great significance for the development of this technology.In the paper,garden wastes and powder rock phosphate were used as the raw material.The composting with different inoculation methods（inoculating at the early stage,inoculating at the late stage and inoculating at both early stage and late stage）were carried out to study the colonization of functional microorganisms（phosphate-solubilizing bacteria,antagonistic bacteria）,using the antibiotic mark and selective medium.The functional diversity of microbial structure,phosphate-releasing and antagonistic effects on the pathogen of bacterial wilt were analyzed.The results showed that,the temperature of the compost inoculated with functional microorganisms was high enough to kill pathogens.Inoculating at the late stage and at both early and late stages increased the quantities of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus mucilaginosus,while inoculating at the early stage did not increase the quantities of functional microbe due to the high temperature.This indicates the late stage of composting was the critic time to inoculate for the colonization of functional microorganisms.Inoculating at the late stage and inoculating at both stages also significantly increased the functional diversity,water-soluble and bio-available phosphate,and the antagonistic effect on the pathogenic bacterial wilt.These results provide new evidence of functional microorganisms developed during composting and promote the application of the compost.

关 键 词：接种方式 堆肥 枯草芽孢杆菌 胶质芽孢杆菌 磷矿粉 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]