南疆西部近10年沙尘暴特征分析  

Analysis on the climatic characteristics of the sandstorm in the west of Southern Xinjiang in recent ten years

作　　者：周向玲[1] 刘皑国 阿不都米吉提 张伟[1] 俞胜清[1] 

机构地区：[1]喀什师范学院物理系,新疆喀什844000 [2]喀什地区气象局,新疆喀什844000 [3]喀什地区林业局,新疆喀什844000

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2012年第5期634-638,共5页Journal of Central China Normal University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科研项目(11064006);新疆自治区高校科研重点项目(XJEDU2009134);喀什师范学院校内科研项目(112375)

摘　　要：对新疆南疆西部莎车县、麦盖提县、巴楚县和喀什市4地的4个气象站近10年发生的沙尘暴数据资料进行了统计分析,研究了沙尘暴发生的时间特征和风速特征.结果表明:4地沙尘暴均多发生在4～6月份,且4月份发生沙尘暴次数最多.沙尘暴发生在傍晚20∶00时段频数最多,其中莎车县、麦盖提县和巴楚县沙尘暴持续时间最长为10h左右.10年间喀什市的沙尘暴每年发生次数逐渐减少.4地发生沙尘暴的平均风速不同,风向多以西北风和东北风为主.发生沙尘暴时风速大小变化幅度大,平均变化周期为4min左右,有明显的阵风特点.Based on the sandstorm data collected from the four meteorological stations inwestern Shache, Markit, Bachu and Kashgar of Southern Xiniiang in recent 10 years, the time and speed characteristics of the sandstorms were studied. The results show that dust storm frequency has tapered year by year in recent 10 years. Kashgar＇s dust storms tapered more in the first three years. In the last two years, frequencies still decreased in Kashgar, but it increased in Shache and Markit. The sandstorms mainly occurred from April to June, erpecially in April. The dust storms mainly occurred at 20 ：00 in the evening, with a maximum duration of about 10 h happening in shache, Markit and Bachu. The average wind speed of sandstorms of the 4 places was different from each other. As there is a higher climate testing level in recent years, data acquisition for 1 times changes from 10 minutes to 1 minute. The sandstorm characteristics of wind speed were more accurately studied. Wind speed characteristics of the longest duration time of the two sandstorms were analyzed in Bachu and Markit. The wind direction is respectively northwest in Markit and northeast in Bachu. The wind speed changed obviously in Markit, with an average reriodic variation of 4 minutes, and is of obvious of gust characteristics.

关 键 词：沙尘暴 时间特征 风速特征 

分 类 号：U418.56[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]