近50年洞庭湖水位总体变化特征及成因分析  

Characteristics and Factors of Water Level Variations in the Dongting Lake during the Recent 50 Years

作　　者：史璇[1,2,3] 肖伟华[2,3] 王勇[4] 王旭[2,3,5] 

机构地区：[1]东华大学环境科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]中国水利水电科学研究院水资源所,北京100038 [3]流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038 [4]中华人民共和国水利部规划计划司,北京100053 [5]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《南水北调与水利科技》2012年第5期18-22,共5页South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新研究群体基金项目(50721006)

摘　　要：洞庭湖是长江中下游重要的吞吐型湖泊,由于地理位置和来水条件的特殊性,湖泊水位变动不仅受气候因素等自然条件的影响,同时受到长江和四水来水等的重要影响,特别是近50年来水利工程等人类活动影响加剧,洞庭湖水位变化呈现出新的变化特征和趋势。对近50年(1961年-2008年)洞庭湖水位的整体变化特征及年际和年内变化成因进行了分析。针对年际变化,重点分析了三峡等水利工程的影响,而年内变化,则主要对水位与各补给水源相关性进行了定量研究,得到丰枯水季各月水位变化的主要影响因素。Dongting Lake is important for taking in and sending out water in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Due to its geographical position and special incoming water conditions,the variations of water level in the Dongting Lake are not only affected by the climate factors and other natural conditions,but also the incoming water from the four rivers and the Yangtze River.In particular,the lake level change has exhibited new characteristics and trends with the intensifying effects from the human activities.In this paper,the characteristics of the variations of the water level in the Dongting Lake have been analyzed,as well as the factors for the interannual and seasonal variations.As to the interannual variation of water level,the influence of the water conservancy projects,especially the Three Gorges project,has been analyzed.As to the seasonal variation,the quantitative analysis has been conducted to investigate the correlations between the water level and water sources,therefore the main factors affecting the variations of water level in the dry and flood seasons are obtained.

关 键 词：洞庭湖 季节性 水位变化 成因分析 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]