深井煤巷厚层复合顶板整体变形机制及控制  

Study of global deformation and control of a thick, layered compound roof in a deep well

作　　者：余伟健[1] 王卫军[1] 张农[1] 黄文忠 文国华 吴海[1] 罗立强[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室能源与安全工程学院,湖南湘潭411201 [2]丰城曲江煤炭开发有限责任公司,江西丰城331136

出　　处：《中国矿业大学学报》2012年第5期725-732,共8页Journal of China University of Mining & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51104063,51074071);湖南省自然科学基金项目(11JJ5030);煤矿安全开采技术湖南省重点实验室开放基金项目(200904)

摘　　要：为解决深井煤巷厚层复合顶板的整体下沉问题,分析了巷道围岩力学机理并提出了控制技术.采用现场调查和理论分析方法研究了深井煤巷厚层复合顶板岩层的结构特点和力学性质,以及整体下沉的主要原因,认为该类型顶板具有厚度大、力学强度低、软弱分层多等特点,而锚索的整个有效锚固长度并没有深入到承载强度较高的岩层中,出现了垮落层带、离层裂隙层带和弯曲层带的"小三带"变形分布区域,形成了"顶板-两帮"和"顶板-小煤柱"的不稳定循环系统,由此,提出了以"预应力大刚度桁架锚索梁"为核心的综合控制技术.现场试验表明:进行以"预应力大刚度桁架锚索梁"为核心技术支护后的煤巷明显好于原支护煤巷(为锚杆和锚索联合支护),较原支护煤巷的顶底板总移近量少了541mm.The mechanical deformation of a thick, compound roof in a deep hole was analyzed to solve the global problem of rock deformation. Field surveys and theoretical research on thick, compound roof structures addressed the main causes of global deformation. These very thick roofs have low mechanical strength and multiple, weak layers within them. The effective length of the anchors did not reach into the stronger part of the rock. Three primary zones of deformation include the caving zone, the cracking zone within the separated strata when sag- ging appears, and a circular instability involving the roof and both sides or the roof and small pillars. A truss anchor beam method of control is presented. Field tests monitoring an installed restraint show that this technology, with its highly stiff truss anchor beams, provide better support than the original bolt and anchor method. The observed deformation is 541 mm less than with the original support method.

关 键 词：深井煤巷 厚层复合顶板 变形机理 控制技术 

分 类 号：TD325[矿业工程—矿井建设]