设施栽培黄瓜的氮磷钾肥料效应研究  

Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on cucumber facilities cultivation

作　　者：万述伟[1] 张守才[1] 赵明[1] 孙永红[1] 赵征宇[1] 蔡葵[1] 王文娇[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛市农业科学研究院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2012年第5期44-49,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-25-G-23)

摘　　要：采用"3414"肥料试验方案开展了设施栽培黄瓜的N、P、K肥料效应研究。结果表明,随着N、K肥施用量增加,黄瓜产量呈先增后减的趋势;随P肥施用量增加,黄瓜产量呈下降趋势;N、K肥配施为正交互作用,N、P肥和P、K肥配施均为负交互作用。在中等P、K肥配施水平下,黄瓜硝酸盐含量随施N量的增加而降低。施N量与黄瓜亚硝酸盐含量间存在显著的函数关系,P、K肥的影响较小。不同施肥处理黄瓜蛋白质和Vc含量差异均不显著,且与N、P、K施肥量间的函数关系拟合度较低。每生产100 kg黄瓜需要吸收的养分量为N 0.296kg、P2O50.166 kg、K2O 0.517 kg。供试条件下黄瓜最佳经济施肥量为N 150.0 kg/hm2、K2O 409.5 kg/hm2,不施或少施磷肥。In order to optimize fertilization technique and realize high yield and fine quality of facility cultivation cucumber, effects of N, P, and K on cucumber was studied through ＂3414＂ fertilizer triM. The results showed that the relation of N and K application and cucumber yields was accordant with the law of diminishing returns. And the cucumber yields appeared the trend from increasing to decreasing with the N and K fertilizer increased. The cucumber yields decreased with the P fer- tilizer increased. N and K combined application showed positive interaction. However NP and NK showed negative interac- tion. The cucumber nitrate contents were decreased with N fertilizer increased when the PK level was at moderate level. There was significant regression relationship between N application rate and cucumber nitrite content. And there were no sig- nificant regression relationship between PK application rate and cucumber nitrite content. There were no significant different on cucumber protein and Vc in different treatments. And there were little fitness between NPK application rate and cucumber protein and Vc. The cucumber plants should be absorbed N 0. 296 kg, P2O5 0. 166 kg and K2O 0. 517 kg for 100 kg yield. In the experiment, the optimal economical fertilizer application rate was N 150. 0 kg/hm/, K2O 409. 5 kg/hm2, with no or little P fertilizer.

关 键 词：黄瓜 设施栽培 氮磷钾肥配施 肥效 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] S143[农业科学—园艺学]