耕地适宜性评价与施肥推荐研究——以金坛市小麦为例  

Cultivated land suitability evaluation and fertilization——An example of wheat from the Jintan region

作　　者：李勇[1] 邱淑芬[1] 朱荣松 

机构地区：[1]江苏省金坛市农林局土肥站,江苏金坛213200

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2012年第5期61-66,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

摘　　要：通过构建小麦适宜性评价模型,对小麦耕地适宜性进行分等定级,在此基础上探讨了小麦数字化施肥技术。评价体系选取障碍层类型、排涝模数、pH等16个评价指标,构建5个准则层,采用层次分析模型和隶属度模型,通过加法模型计算出耕地地力综合指数,将小麦适宜性分4个等级。高度适宜面积占总耕地面积的31.7%,适宜面积占48.3%,勉强适宜面积占12.1%,不适宜面积占7.9%。根据适宜性评价结果,结合小麦施肥参数,制定2个小麦肥料配方(N-P2O5-K2O)15-15-10、18-12-10。实践表明,该方法较传统施肥减少N投入55 kg/hm2,氮肥利用率较习惯施肥的33.2%提高到37.7%。This paper constructed a wheat suitable assessment model for land classification and gradation, and the wheat digital fertilization technique was discussed on this basis. 16 indexes were selected including the barrier layer type, draining modulus and pH, etc. And it was constructed into 5 hierarchical layers in this evaluation system. According to the integrat- ed fertility index of cultivated land, the wheat lands were divided into four grades, that was highly appropriate area accoun- ted for 31.7% of the total cultivated land, appropriate area accounted for 48.3% , and barely suitable area accounted for 12. 1% , not suitable area accounted for 7.9%. On the basis of suitable assessment, regulation of fertilizer needed and fer- tilizer strategy model, the paper made two fertilizer formulas （ N-P2O5-K2O） 15 - 15 - 10, 18 - 12 - 10. Practice showed that compared with conventional fertilization, recommended fertilization reduced nitrogen 55 kg/hm2, but increased N use efficiency from 33.2% to 37.7%.

关 键 词：耕地适宜性评价 层次分析模型 隶属度模型 数字化施肥 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]