木瓜实蝇对七种寄主果实的选择性  

Oviposition selection and larval suitability of Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock(Diptera:Tephritidae) on seven kind of fruits

作　　者：张灿[1] 刘慧[2] 梁帆[3] 胡学难[3] 赵菊鹏[3] 马骏[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物安全科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260 [3]广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心,广州510623

出　　处：《环境昆虫学报》2012年第3期283-288,共6页Journal of Environmental Entomology

基　　金：国家自然基金项目(30971931;31171909)

摘　　要：木瓜实蝇属于我国进境检疫性害虫。为明确该虫对不同寄主果实的选择性,以评价其危害风险,本研究选择橙子、苹果、番石榴、杨桃、木瓜、西红柿、辣椒7种果实作为供试寄主,在室内选择性条件下比较了木瓜实蝇在不同寄主上的产卵量和幼虫发育的适合性。结果表明,以寄主气味诱导产卵器采卵时,雌虫在番石榴、橙子上产卵量明显高于其它所有供试寄主;以果实直接诱导产卵时,则以番石榴饲养出的幼虫数最多,而在橙子、西红柿上的幼虫数为0。在非选择性条件下将幼虫接入果实供试,表明木瓜实蝇幼虫在不同供试寄主上的存活率(化蛹率)均较高,最高为木瓜和杨桃,分别为92.0%和91.3%,最低为苹果,达到66.0%。不同供试果实对木瓜实蝇幼虫的发育历期、存活率(化蛹率)和蛹重有显著影响,但各适合性指标在不同寄主间的变化趋势不一致。上述结果表明,寄主气味及果皮特征对成虫的产卵选择性具有明显的影响,以产卵选择性和幼虫发育为综合指标,认为木瓜实蝇对番石榴的选择性最高。The papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae is an entry of quarantine pest in China. To under- stand host selectivity of this fruit fly on different host fruits, 7 host fruits namely orange, apple, guava, carambola, papaya, tomato and chili were selected to test adult oviposition and larval feeding at laborato- ry. In a host odor-lured test, eggs laid by adults from ovipositing collector with either guava or orange was significantly higher than that of all other tested hosts. When host fruits directly exposed to adults for ovi- positing selection, the highest number of larvae reared was on guava, and no larva was reared either from orange or tomato. In a no-choice test with first instar larvae inoculated on each host fruit, the percentage survival of larvae from all tested host fruits were relatively high. The highest survival percentage was found on papaya and carambola at percentage of 92.0% and 91.3%, respectively. The lowest survival percentage of larva was 66. 0% On apple. The suitability parameters for larval developing time, survival and pupal weight were significantly influenced by different hosts. There was no consistent trend for those parameters obtained among different hosts. Our results indicated that the host odour and the fruit peel in- fluenced significantly on adults oviposition. Taking selectivity of oviposition and larval feeding suitability as a whole, we concluded that papaya fruit fly has the highest selectivity for guava from those tested host fruits.

关 键 词：木瓜实蝇 寄主选择 适合性 产卵 生长发育 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]