现场与试验室情境下乒乓球运动员对发球旋转判断的比较研究  

A Comparative Study on the Judgment of Spin by Table Tennis Players in Field and Experiment Conditions

作　　者：章建成[1] 施之皓 李安民[3] 王丽岩[3] 张玉慧[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海体育学院院长办公室,上海200438 [2]国家乒乓球队,北京100061 [3]上海体育学院运动科学学院,上海200438

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2012年第4期277-281,共5页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：上海市教委创新项目(项目编号:08ZZ175)

摘　　要：以采用试验室录像视频和现场发球旋转判断为任务,分析运动员不同试验条件下判断反应时间和准确性之间的差异,探讨试验研究刺激材料的生态学效度对研究结果的影响。选取6名国家乒乓球女队运动员为研究对象,运用重复测量方差分析方法和卡方检验进行分析,研究结果表明:(1)不同试验条件对运动员旋转方式的操作绩效有影响,现场情境下运动员的操作绩效高,试验室情境下运动员的操作绩效低;现场情境下研究的生态学效度,运动员表现为较高判断正确率和较快判断反应时间。(2)不同试验条件下运动员的旋转方式判断存在差异,现场条件下运动员侧下旋判断准确性高,对转球判断准确性最低,在试验室条件下运动员对转球判断准确性高,对不转球准确性最低。Using table tennis serving in the field studies and experiment studies as sport situations, the paper studied the behavior feature that table tennis players judged table tennis serve rotation, and discussed the influence of the ecological validity of experiment stimuli on results. Participate were the international top grad female table tennis players. Statistical comparisons were performed by analysis of Repeated Measures ANOVA and chi-square test. The result indicated different experiment conditions had effect on the performance of judging way of spin, the performance was better in field study than in experiment environment. The ecological validity was higher in field study than in experiment environment. In field study, the accuracy of judgment was higher and the action time was shorter. There were differences on the judgment of ways of rotation in different experiment conditions： the accuracy of judgment on side under-spin was high the accuracy of judgment on spin ball was the lowest in field study. The accuracy of judgment on spin ball was high, the accuracy of judgment on non spin ball was the lowest in experiment study.

关 键 词：乒乓球运动员 现场 实验室 旋转 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]