中国油杉属植物的生态地理分布与系统演化  

Ecological and geographical distribution of Keteleeriaand its systematic evolution in China

作　　者：王崇云[1] 马绍宾[2] 吕军[2] 党承林[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南大学生态学与地植物学研究所,昆明650091 [2]云南大学生命科学学院,昆明650091

出　　处：《广西植物》2012年第5期612-616,643,共6页Guihaia

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金(98C002R)~~

摘　　要：油杉属是东亚特有属,全世界油杉属共有12种2变种,中国有10种2变种,中国是油杉属的特有中心和分布中心。在地史时期,油杉属植物曾广泛分布于北半球的欧洲、北美和东亚。油杉属的现代分布有残余的特征,种类大多产于中国西南部和中部,种类数量由西向东逐渐递减。根据生态习性与分布区气候特征,中国主要油杉属植物的生态地理分布可分为:内陆型(东部温凉型、东部温暖型、西南季风型)、沿海型和岛屿型。湘黔桂地区是油杉属的现代分布中心和分化、发展中心。从染色体资料来看,其演化趋势为:江南油杉→矩鳞油杉→黄枝油杉→台湾油杉。结合地理分布,油杉属植物可能起源于中国西南,而后向东发展。从分布区南北向看,核型不对称性为:台湾油杉>青岩油杉>铁坚油杉,南部类型比北部类型要进化。Keteleeriais endemic in Eastern Asia , including 12species and 2variants in the world.There are 10species and 2variants in China , which is the endemic and diverse center.In China , most of the Keteleeriaspecies concentrate in adjacent area among Hunan , Guizhou and Guangxi , indicating as the center for distribution and differentiation.According to their ecological adaptation and geographical distribution , the Keteleeriaspecies in China could be divided into inland type （ Cool-temperate Type , Warm-temperate Type and Southwest Monsoon Type ）, Sea-closed Type and Islands Type. Karyotypeliteratures showed that eastern species developed from western ones , as well as northern species from southern ones.Southwest China was the possible origin center of Keteleeria.Then it developed towards east and north.

关 键 词：油杉属 生态地理分布 系统演化 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]