北疆荒漠几种盐生(耐盐)植物抗逆附属结构的初步研究  

Four halophytes ( or salt-tolerant species ) and their accessorystructures of leaf related to adversity tolerance in the desert of northern Xinjiang

作　　者：陈玲[1] 兰海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院新疆生物资源与基因工程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《广西植物》2012年第5期686-693,共8页Guihaia

基　　金：国家科技部"973"计划前期研究专项(2012CB722204);国家自然科学基金(30660012;31060027);新疆自治区科技攻关重大专项(200731138-3);新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室开放基金(XJDX0201-2007-03;XJDX0201-2009-06;XJDX0201-2011-03)~~

摘　　要：利用石蜡切片、扫描电镜、临时装片等方法,对北疆荒漠的3种藜科植物—灰绿藜、费尔干猪毛菜、蒙古猪毛菜和1种菊科植物—花花柴的表皮附属结构进行了显微和超微观察研究。结果表明:(1)对四种植物的解剖结构观察显示,其叶片都含有角质层;气孔器下陷;茎中含有大量的维管束;多数种的细胞中含有簇状晶体结构;(2)四种植物表皮附属结构研究表明:花花柴表皮具有多细胞组成的盐腺和表皮毛结构;灰绿藜表皮有大量囊泡结构;蒙古猪毛菜叶表皮有短硬毛和乳突状结构;费尔干猪毛菜表皮具大量表皮毛,且表皮毛有节。上述结构和特征反映出不同植物对干旱、盐碱土生境适应的多样性,也为旱生和盐生植物的生理学研究提供了新的实验依据。Paraffin sections , scanning electron microscope and temporary slide methods were employed to study the accessory structure related to adversity tolerance of four halophytes （ or salt-tolerant ） in the desert of northern Xinjiang , which included Kareliniac apsia , Chenopodiumg laucum , Salsolai konnikovii and S.ferganica.The results indicated that：（ 1 ） the anatomical structure of the leaf and stem revealed：all the leaves were observed with the keratinized cuticle and sunk stomata , and a number of vascular bundles existed in the stems ; many of crystals were presented in leaf and stem cells ;（ 2 ） observation of the accessory structures of different leaves showed that large amount of salt bladders were discovered on epidermis of C.glaucum , which was consisted of 1-2small stalk cell and a large bladder-like cell ; there were short and hard trichomes and small papillary structure on the epidermis of S.ikonnikovii ; there were large number of epidermal trichomes with nodes on the leaf of S.ferganica ; K.capsiahad multicellular salt glands with a black cap cell on the top and multicellular trichomes on the epidermis.Above structures and features reflected the diversity of adaptability of different plants to the salinity and drought environments , and which would provide some newexperimental evidence in physiology aspect for the halophytes and xerophytes.

关 键 词：盐生植物 抗逆附属结构 解剖结构 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q942[生物学—植物学]